Simplify altering default builtin colours, and loading options representing colours

Also improve String_Append to deliberately crash the game when attempting to append to an uninitialised string in MSVC debug builds

doc/strings.md

@@ -20,6 +20,29 @@ Some general guidelines to keep in mind when it comes to `cc_string` strings:
 - Strings are not garbage collected or reference counted<br>
 (i.e. you are responsible for managing the lifetime of strings)
 
+## Usage examples
+
+Initialisating a string from readonly text:
+```C
+cc_string str = String_FromConst("ABC");
+```
+
+Initialising a string from temporary memory on the stack:
+```C
+// str will be able to store at most 200 characters in it
+char strBuffer[200];
+cc_string str = String_FromArray(strBuffer);
+```
+
+Initialising a string from persistent memory on the heap:
+```C
+// str will be able to store at most 200 characters in it
+char* str = Mem_Alloc(1, 200, "String buffer");
+cc_string str = String_Init(str, 0, 200);
+```
+
+# Converting to/from other string representations
+
 ## C String conversion
 
 ### C string -> cc_string
@@ -88,7 +111,7 @@ void SetWorkingDir(cc_string* title) {
     Platform_EncodeUtf16(&str, title);
     SetCurrentDirectoryW(str.uni);
 	
-	// it's recommended that you DON'T use the ansi format whenever possible
+    // it's recommended that you DON'T use the ansi format whenever possible
     //SetCurrentDirectoryA(str.ansi); 
 }
 ```
@@ -106,13 +129,15 @@ void SetWorkingDir(cc_string* title) {
 }
 ```
 
-## API
+# API
 
 I'm lazy so I will just link to [String.h](/src/String.h)
 
 If you'd rather I provided a more detailed reference here, please let me know.
 
-# Extra details
+TODO
+
+# Comparisons to other string implementations
 
 ## C comparison
 
@@ -202,10 +227,7 @@ string::compare -> String_Compare
 std::sprintf -> String_Format1/2/3/4
 ```
 
-
-
-
-## Lifetime examples
+# Detailed lifetime examples
 
 Managing the lifetime of strings is important, as not properly managing them can cause issues.
 

src/Chat.c

@@ -415,19 +415,18 @@ static struct ChatCommand GpuInfoCommand = {
 };
 
 static void RenderTypeCommand_Execute(const cc_string* args, int argsCount) {
-	int flags;
-	if (!argsCount) {
-		Chat_AddRaw("&e/client: &cYou didn't specify a new render type."); return;
-	}
+	char strBuffer[256];
+	cc_string safeStr = String_FromArray(strBuffer);
+	cc_string unsafeStr;
 
-	flags = EnvRenderer_CalcFlags(args);
-	if (flags >= 0) {
-		EnvRenderer_SetMode(flags);
-		Options_Set(OPT_RENDER_TYPE, args);
-		Chat_Add1("&e/client: &fRender type is now %s.", args);
-	} else {
-		Chat_Add1("&e/client: &cUnrecognised render type &f\"%s\"&c.", args);
-	}
+	Options_SetInt("xyz", 123456);
+	Options_Get("xyz", &safeStr, "");
+	Options_UNSAFE_Get("xyz", &unsafeStr);
+
+	Options_Reload();
+
+	Chat_Add1("Safe: %s", &safeStr);
+	Chat_Add1("Unsafe: %s", &unsafeStr);
 }
 
 static struct ChatCommand RenderTypeCommand = {

src/Drawer2D.c

@@ -633,26 +633,39 @@ static void DefaultPngProcess(struct Stream* stream, const cc_string* name) {
 static struct TextureEntry default_entry = { "default.png", DefaultPngProcess };
 
 
-static void InitHexEncodedColor(int i, int hex, cc_uint8 lo, cc_uint8 hi) {
-	Drawer2D.Colors[i] = BitmapColor_RGB(
-		lo * ((hex >> 2) & 1) + hi * (hex >> 3),
-		lo * ((hex >> 1) & 1) + hi * (hex >> 3),
-		lo * ((hex >> 0) & 1) + hi * (hex >> 3));
-}
+/* The default 16 colours are the CGA 16 color palette (without special brown colour) */
+/*   See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter#With_an_RGBI_monitor for reference */
+/* The 16 hex colours below were produced from the following formula: */
+/*   R = 191 * ((hex >> 2) & 1) + 64 * (hex >> 3) */
+/*   G = 191 * ((hex >> 1) & 1) + 64 * (hex >> 3) */
+/*   B = 191 * ((hex >> 0) & 1) + 64 * (hex >> 3) */
+static const BitmapCol defaults_0_9[] = {
+	BitmapColor_RGB(  0,   0,   0), /* 0 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(  0,   0, 191), /* 1 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(  0, 191,   0), /* 2 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(  0, 191, 191), /* 3 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(191,   0,   0), /* 4 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(191,   0, 191), /* 5 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(191, 191,   0), /* 6 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(191, 191, 191), /* 7 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB( 64,  64,  64), /* 8 */
+	BitmapColor_RGB( 64,  64, 255)  /* 9 */
+};
+static const BitmapCol defaults_a_f[] = {
+	BitmapColor_RGB( 64, 255,  64), /* A */
+	BitmapColor_RGB( 64, 255, 255), /* B */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(255,  64,  64), /* C */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(255,  64, 255), /* D */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(255, 255,  64), /* E */
+	BitmapColor_RGB(255, 255, 255), /* F */
+};
 
 static void OnReset(void) {
-	int i;	
-	for (i = 0; i < DRAWER2D_MAX_COLORS; i++) {
-		Drawer2D.Colors[i] = 0;
-	}
+	Mem_Set(Drawer2D.Colors, 0, sizeof(Drawer2D.Colors));
 
-	for (i = 0; i <= 9; i++) {
-		InitHexEncodedColor('0' + i, i, 191, 64);
-	}
-	for (i = 10; i <= 15; i++) {
-		InitHexEncodedColor('a' + (i - 10), i, 191, 64);
-		InitHexEncodedColor('A' + (i - 10), i, 191, 64);
-	}
+	Mem_Copy(&Drawer2D.Colors['0'], defaults_0_9, sizeof(defaults_0_9));
+	Mem_Copy(&Drawer2D.Colors['a'], defaults_a_f, sizeof(defaults_a_f));
+	Mem_Copy(&Drawer2D.Colors['A'], defaults_a_f, sizeof(defaults_a_f));
 }
 
 static void OnInit(void) {

src/Launcher.c

@@ -328,9 +328,7 @@ const struct LauncherTheme Launcher_NordicTheme = {
 
 CC_NOINLINE static void ParseColor(const char* key, BitmapCol* color) {
 	cc_uint8 rgb[3];
-	cc_string value;
-	if (!Options_UNSAFE_Get(key, &value))    return;
-	if (!PackedCol_TryParseHex(&value, rgb)) return;
+	if (!Options_GetColor(key, rgb)) return;
 
 	*color = BitmapColor_RGB(rgb[0], rgb[1], rgb[2]);
 }

src/Options.c

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "Errors.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
 #include "Logger.h"
+#include "PackedCol.h"
 
 struct StringsBuffer Options;
 static struct StringsBuffer changedOpts;
@@ -137,6 +138,19 @@ int Options_GetEnum(const char* key, int defValue, const char* const* names, int
 	return Utils_ParseEnum(&str, defValue, names, namesCount);
 }
 
+cc_bool Options_GetColor(const char* key, cc_uint8* rgb) {
+	cc_string value, parts[3];
+	if (!Options_UNSAFE_Get(key, &value))   return false;
+	if (PackedCol_TryParseHex(&value, rgb)) return true;
+
+	/* Try parsing as R,G,B instead */
+	return String_UNSAFE_Split(&value, ',', parts, 3)
+		&& Convert_ParseUInt8(&parts[0], &rgb[0])
+		&& Convert_ParseUInt8(&parts[1], &rgb[1])
+		&& Convert_ParseUInt8(&parts[2], &rgb[2]);
+}
+
+
 void Options_SetBool(const char* keyRaw, cc_bool value) {
 	static const cc_string str_true  = String_FromConst("True");
 	static const cc_string str_false = String_FromConst("False");

src/Options.h

@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ CC_API float Options_GetFloat(const char*  key, float min, float max, float defV
 /* Returns value of given option as an integer, or defalt value if could not be converted. */
 /* NOTE: Conversion is done by going through all elements of names, returning index of a match. */
 CC_API int   Options_GetEnum(const char*   key, int defValue, const char* const* names, int namesCount);
+/* Attempts to parse the value of the given option into an RGB (3 byte) colour. */
+/* Returns whether the option was actually found and could be parsed into a colour. */
+cc_bool Options_GetColor(const char* key, cc_uint8* rgb);
 
 /* Sets value of given option to either "true" or "false". */
 CC_API void Options_SetBool(const char* keyRaw, cc_bool value);

src/String.c

@@ -146,6 +146,13 @@ int String_CaselessEqualsConst(const cc_string* a, const char* b) {
 
 
 void String_Append(cc_string* str, char c) {
+	/* MSVC in debug mode will initialise all variables on the stack with 0xCC by default */
+	/* So if a string is being passed with CC in all its fields, then it's probably invalid */
+#if _MSC_VER && _DEBUG
+	if (str->length == 0xCCCC && str->capacity == 0xCCCC) 
+		Logger_Abort("String must be initialised before calling String_Append");
+#endif
+
 	if (str->length == str->capacity) return;
 	str->buffer[str->length++] = c;
 }