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Update the .Unix function
- Correct decscription - Include Milli, Micro, and Nano variants - Improve examples
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---
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---
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title: .Unix
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title: .Unix
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draft: false
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description: Converts a time.Time value to the number of seconds elapsed since the Unix epoch, excluding leap seconds. The Unix epoch is 00:00:00 UTC on 1 January 1970.
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description: .Unix returns the local Time corresponding to the given Unix time, sec seconds and nsec nanoseconds since January 1, 1970 UTC.
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date: 2017-02-01
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date: 2017-02-01
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publishdate: 2017-02-01
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lastmod: 2017-02-01
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keywords: [dates,time]
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keywords: [dates,time]
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categories: [functions]
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categories: [functions]
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menu:
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menu:
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docs:
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docs:
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parent: "functions"
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parent: "functions"
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signature: [".Unix"]
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signature: [".Unix",".UnixMilli",".UnixMicro",".UnixNano"]
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workson: [times]
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hugoversion:
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relatedfuncs: [Format,dateFormat,now,time]
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relatedfuncs: [Format,dateFormat,now,time]
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deprecated: false
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aliases: []
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---
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---
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## Example: Time Passed Since Last Modification
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The `Milli`, `Micro`, and `Nano` variants return the number of milliseconds, microseconds, and nanoseconds (respectively) elapsed since the Unix epoch.
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This very simple one-liner uses `now.Unix` to calculate the amount of time that has passed between the `.LastMod` for the current page and the last build of the current page.
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```go-html-template
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.Date.Unix --> 1637259694
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.ExpiryDate.Unix --> 1672559999
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.Lastmod.Unix --> 1637361786
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.PublishDate.Unix --> 1637421261
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{{< code file="time-passed.html" >}}
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("1970-01-01T00:00:00-00:00" | time.AsTime).Unix --> 0
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{{ div (sub now.Unix .Lastmod.Unix) 86400 }}
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("1970-01-01T00:00:42-00:00" | time.AsTime).Unix --> 42
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{{< /code >}}
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("1970-04-11T01:48:29-08:00" | time.AsTime).Unix --> 8675309
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("2026-05-02T20:09:31-07:00" | time.AsTime).Unix --> 1777777771
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Since both values are integers, they can be subtracted and then divided by the number of seconds in a day (i.e., `60 * 60 * 24 == 86400`).
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now.Unix --> 1637447841
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now.UnixMilli --> 1637447841347
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{{% note %}}
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now.UnixMicro --> 1637447841347378
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Hugo's output is *static*. For the example above to be realistic, the site needs to be built every day.
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now.UnixNano --> 1637447841347378799
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{{% /note %}}
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```
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[partial template]: /templates/partials/
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