// Filename: executionEnvironment.cxx
// Created by:  drose (15May00)
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// PANDA 3D SOFTWARE
// Copyright (c) Carnegie Mellon University.  All rights reserved.
//
// All use of this software is subject to the terms of the revised BSD
// license.  You should have received a copy of this license along
// with this source code in a file named "LICENSE."
//
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include "executionEnvironment.h"
#include "pandaVersion.h"
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>  // for perror

#ifdef WIN32_VC
// Windows requires this for getcwd().
#include <direct.h>
#define getcwd _getcwd

// And this is for GetModuleFileName().
#include <windows.h>
#endif

#ifdef __APPLE__
// This is for _NSGetExecutablePath() and _NSGetEnviron().
#include <mach-o/dyld.h>
#ifndef BUILD_IPHONE
#include <crt_externs.h>  // For some reason, not in the IPhone SDK.
#endif
#define environ (*_NSGetEnviron())
#endif

#ifdef IS_LINUX
// extern char **environ is defined here:
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#ifdef IS_FREEBSD
extern char **environ;

// This is for sysctl.
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_PYTHON
#include "Python.h"
#endif

// We define the symbol PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT if we cannot rely on
// getenv() to read environment variables at static init time.  In
// this case, we must read all of the environment variables directly
// and cache them locally.

#ifndef STATIC_INIT_GETENV
#define PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
#endif


// We define the symbol HAVE_GLOBAL_ARGV if we have global variables
// named GLOBAL_ARGC/GLOBAL_ARGV that we can read at static init time
// to determine our command-line arguments.

#if defined(HAVE_GLOBAL_ARGV) && defined(PROTOTYPE_GLOBAL_ARGV)
extern char **GLOBAL_ARGV;
extern int GLOBAL_ARGC;
#endif

// Linux with GNU libc does have global argv/argc variables, but we
// can't safely access them at stat init time--at least, not in libc5.
// (It does seem to work with glibc2, however.)

ExecutionEnvironment *ExecutionEnvironment::_global_ptr = NULL;


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::Constructor
//       Access: Private
//  Description: You shouldn't need to construct one of these; there's
//               only one and it constructs itself.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
ExecutionEnvironment::
ExecutionEnvironment() {
  read_environment_variables();
  read_args();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnviroment::expand_string
//       Access: Public, Static
//  Description: Reads the string, looking for environment variable
//               names marked by a $.  Expands all such variable
//               names.  A repeated dollar sign ($$) is mapped to a
//               single dollar sign.
//
//               Returns the expanded string.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
string ExecutionEnvironment::
expand_string(const string &str) {
  string result;

  size_t last = 0;
  size_t dollar = str.find('$');
  while (dollar != string::npos && dollar + 1 < str.length()) {
    size_t start = dollar + 1;

    if (str[start] == '$') {
      // A double dollar sign maps to a single dollar sign.
      result += str.substr(last, start - last);
      last = start + 1;

    } else {
      string varname;
      size_t end = start;

      if (str[start] == '{') {
        // Curly braces delimit the variable name explicitly.
        end = str.find('}', start + 1);
        if (end != string::npos) {
          varname = str.substr(start + 1, end - (start + 1));
          end++;
        }
      }

      if (end == start) {
        // Scan for the end of the variable name.
        while (end < str.length() && (isalnum(str[end]) || str[end] == '_')) {
          end++;
        }
        varname = str.substr(start, end - start);
      }

      string subst =
      result += str.substr(last, dollar - last);
      result += get_environment_variable(varname);
      last = end;
    }

    dollar = str.find('$', last);
  }

  result += str.substr(last);

  return result;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnviroment::get_cwd
//       Access: Public, Static
//  Description: Returns the name of the current working directory.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Filename ExecutionEnvironment::
get_cwd() {
  // getcwd() requires us to allocate a dynamic buffer and grow it on
  // demand.
  static size_t bufsize = 1024;
  static char *buffer = NULL;

  if (buffer == (char *)NULL) {
    buffer = new char[bufsize];
  }

  while (getcwd(buffer, bufsize) == (char *)NULL) {
    if (errno != ERANGE) {
      perror("getcwd");
      return string();
    }
    delete[] buffer;
    bufsize = bufsize * 2;
    buffer = new char[bufsize];
    assert(buffer != (char *)NULL);
  }

  Filename cwd = Filename::from_os_specific(buffer);
  cwd.make_true_case();
  return cwd;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_has_environment_variable
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Returns true if the indicated environment variable
//               is defined.  The nonstatic implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
bool ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_has_environment_variable(const string &var) const {
#ifdef PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
  return _variables.count(var) != 0;
#else
  return getenv(var.c_str()) != (char *)NULL;
#endif
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_get_environment_variable
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Returns the definition of the indicated environment
//               variable, or the empty string if the variable is
//               undefined.  The nonstatic implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
string ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_get_environment_variable(const string &var) const {
  EnvironmentVariables::const_iterator evi;
  evi = _variables.find(var);
  if (evi != _variables.end()) {
    return (*evi).second;
  }

  // Some special case variables.  We virtually stuff these values
  // into the Panda environment, shadowing whatever values they have
  // in the true environment, so they can be used in config files.
  if (var == "HOME") {
    return Filename::get_home_directory().to_os_specific();
  } else if (var == "TEMP") {
    return Filename::get_temp_directory().to_os_specific();
  } else if (var == "USER_APPDATA") {
    return Filename::get_user_appdata_directory().to_os_specific();
  } else if (var == "COMMON_APPDATA") {
    return Filename::get_common_appdata_directory().to_os_specific();
  } else if (var == "MAIN_DIR") {
#ifdef HAVE_PYTHON
    // If we're running from Python code, read out sys.argv.
    if (Py_IsInitialized()) {
      PyObject* obj = PySys_GetObject((char*) "argv");
      if (obj) {
        Filename main_dir = Filename::from_os_specific(PyString_AsString(PyList_GetItem(obj, 0)));
        if (main_dir.empty()) {
          // We must be running in the Python interpreter directly, so return the CWD.
          return get_cwd().to_os_specific();
        }
        main_dir.make_absolute();
        return Filename(main_dir.get_dirname()).to_os_specific();
      }
    }
#endif

    // Otherwise, Return the binary name's parent directory.
    if (!_binary_name.empty()) {
      Filename main_dir (_binary_name);
      main_dir.make_absolute();
      return Filename(main_dir.get_dirname()).to_os_specific();
    }
  }

#ifdef PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
  return string();
#else
  const char *def = getenv(var.c_str());
  if (def != (char *)NULL) {
    return def;
  }
  return string();
#endif
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_set_environment_variable
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Changes the definition of the indicated environment
//               variable.  The nonstatic implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_set_environment_variable(const string &var, const string &value) {
  _variables[var] = value;
  string putstr = var + "=" + value;

  // putenv() requires us to malloc a new C-style string.
  char *put = (char *)malloc(putstr.length() + 1);
  strcpy(put, putstr.c_str());
  putenv(put);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_shadow_environment_variable
//       Access: Private
//  Description:
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_shadow_environment_variable(const string &var, const string &value) {
  _variables[var] = value;
  string putstr = var + "=" + value;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_clear_shadow
//       Access: Private
//  Description:
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_clear_shadow(const string &var) {
  EnvironmentVariables::iterator vi = _variables.find(var);
  if (vi == _variables.end()) {
    return;
  }

#ifdef PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
  // Now we have to replace the value in the table.
  const char *def = getenv(var.c_str());
  if (def != (char *)NULL) {
    (*vi).second = def;
  } else {
    _variables.erase(vi);
  }
#endif  // PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_get_num_args
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Returns the number of command-line arguments
//               available, not counting arg 0, the binary name.  The
//               nonstatic implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
int ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_get_num_args() const {
  return _args.size();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_get_arg
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Returns the nth command-line argument.  The index n
//               must be in the range [0 .. get_num_args()).  The
//               first parameter, n == 0, is the first actual
//               parameter, not the binary name.  The nonstatic
//               implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
string ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_get_arg(int n) const {
  assert(n >= 0 && n < ns_get_num_args());
  return _args[n];
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_get_binary_name
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Returns the name of the binary executable that
//               started this program, if it can be determined.  The
//               nonstatic implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
string ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_get_binary_name() const {
  if (_binary_name.empty()) {
    return "unknown";
  }
  return _binary_name;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::ns_get_dtool_name
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Returns the name of the libdtool DLL that
//               is used in this program, if it can be determined.  The
//               nonstatic implementation.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
string ExecutionEnvironment::
ns_get_dtool_name() const {
  if (_dtool_name.empty()) {
    return "unknown";
  }
  return _dtool_name;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::get_ptr
//       Access: Private, Static
//  Description: Returns a static pointer that may be used to access
//               the global ExecutionEnvironment object.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
ExecutionEnvironment *ExecutionEnvironment::
get_ptr() {
  if (_global_ptr == (ExecutionEnvironment *)NULL) {
    _global_ptr = new ExecutionEnvironment;
  }
  return _global_ptr;
}


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::read_environment_variables
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Fills up the internal table of existing environment
//               variables, if we are in PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT mode.
//               Otherwise, does nothing.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void ExecutionEnvironment::
read_environment_variables() {
#ifdef PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
#if defined(IS_OSX) || defined(IS_FREEBSD) || defined(IS_LINUX)
  // In the case of Mac, we'll try reading _NSGetEnviron().
  // In the case of FreeBSD and Linux, use the "environ" variable.

  char **envp;
  for (envp = environ; envp && *envp; envp++) {
    string variable;
    string value;

    char *envc;
    for (envc = *envp; envc && *envc && strncmp(envc, "=", 1) != 0; envc++) {
      variable += (char) *envc;
    }

    if (strncmp(envc, "=", 1) == 0) {
      for (envc++; envc && *envc; envc++) {
        value += (char) *envc;
      }
    }

    if (!variable.empty()) {
      _variables[variable] = value;
    }
  }
#elif defined(HAVE_PROC_SELF_ENVIRON)
  // In some cases, we may have a file called /proc/self/environ
  // that may be read to determine all of our environment variables.

  pifstream proc("/proc/self/environ");
  if (proc.fail()) {
    cerr << "Cannot read /proc/self/environ; environment variables unavailable.\n";
    return;
  }

  int ch = proc.get();
  while (!proc.eof() && !proc.fail()) {
    string variable;
    string value;

    while (!proc.eof() && !proc.fail() && ch != '=' && ch != '\0') {
      variable += (char)ch;
      ch = proc.get();
    }

    if (ch == '=') {
      ch = proc.get();
      while (!proc.eof() && !proc.fail() && ch != '\0') {
        value += (char)ch;
        ch = proc.get();
      }
    }

    if (!variable.empty()) {
      _variables[variable] = value;
    }
    ch = proc.get();
  }
#else
  cerr << "Warning: environment variables unavailable to dconfig.\n";
#endif
#endif // PREREAD_ENVIRONMENT
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//     Function: ExecutionEnvironment::read_args
//       Access: Private
//  Description: Reads all the command-line arguments and the name of
//               the binary file, if possible.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void ExecutionEnvironment::
read_args() {

#ifdef WIN32_VC
#ifdef _DEBUG
  HMODULE dllhandle = GetModuleHandle("libp3dtool_d.dll");
#else
  HMODULE dllhandle = GetModuleHandle("libp3dtool.dll");
#endif
  if (dllhandle != 0) {
    static const DWORD buffer_size = 1024;
    char buffer[buffer_size];
    DWORD size = GetModuleFileName(dllhandle, buffer, buffer_size);
    if (size != 0) {
      Filename tmp = Filename::from_os_specific(string(buffer, size));
      tmp.make_true_case();
      _dtool_name = tmp;
    }
  }
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_PROC_SELF_MAPS) || defined(HAVE_PROC_CURPROC_MAP)
  // This is how you tell whether or not libdtool.so is loaded,
  // and if so, where it was loaded from.
#ifdef HAVE_PROC_CURPROC_MAP
  pifstream maps("/proc/curproc/map");
#else
  pifstream maps("/proc/self/maps");
#endif
  while (!maps.fail() && !maps.eof()) {
    char buffer[PATH_MAX];
    buffer[0] = 0;
    maps.getline(buffer, PATH_MAX);
    char *tail = strrchr(buffer, '/');
    char *head = strchr(buffer, '/');
    if (tail && head && (strcmp(tail, "/libp3dtool.so." PANDA_ABI_VERSION_STR) == 0
                      || strcmp(tail, "/libp3dtool.dylib") == 0
                      || strcmp(tail, "/libdtool.dylib") == 0)) {
      _dtool_name = head;
    }
  }
  maps.close();
#endif

#ifdef __APPLE__
  // And on OSX we don't have /proc/self/maps, but some _dyld_* functions.
  if (_dtool_name.empty()) {
    uint32_t ic = _dyld_image_count();
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ic; ++i) {
      const char *buffer = _dyld_get_image_name(i);
      const char *tail = strrchr(buffer, '/');
      if (tail && (strcmp(tail, "/libp3dtool." PANDA_ABI_VERSION_STR ".dylib") == 0
                || strcmp(tail, "/libp3dtool.dylib") == 0
                || strcmp(tail, "/libdtool.dylib") == 0)) {
        _dtool_name = buffer;
      }
    }
  }
#endif

#ifdef WIN32_VC
  static const DWORD buffer_size = 1024;
  char buffer[buffer_size];
  DWORD size = GetModuleFileName(NULL, buffer, buffer_size);
  if (size != 0) {
    Filename tmp = Filename::from_os_specific(string(buffer, size));
    tmp.make_true_case();
    _binary_name = tmp;
  }
#endif  // WIN32_VC

#if defined(HAVE_PROC_SELF_EXE) || defined(HAVE_PROC_CURPROC_FILE)
  // This is more reliable than using (argc,argv), so it given precedence.
  if (_binary_name.empty()) {
    char readlinkbuf[PATH_MAX];
#ifdef HAVE_PROC_CURPROC_FILE
    int pathlen = readlink("/proc/curproc/file",readlinkbuf,PATH_MAX-1);
#else
    int pathlen = readlink("/proc/self/exe",readlinkbuf,PATH_MAX-1);
#endif
    if (pathlen > 0) {
      readlinkbuf[pathlen] = 0;
      _binary_name = readlinkbuf;
    }
  }
#endif

#if defined(__APPLE__)
  // And on Mac, we have _NSGetExecutablePath.
  if (_binary_name.empty()) {
    char *pathbuf = new char[PATH_MAX];
    uint32_t bufsize = PATH_MAX;
    if (_NSGetExecutablePath(pathbuf, &bufsize) == 0) {
      _binary_name = pathbuf;
    }
    delete[] pathbuf;
  }
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_GLOBAL_ARGV)
  int argc = GLOBAL_ARGC;

  if (_binary_name.empty() && argc > 0) {
    _binary_name = GLOBAL_ARGV[0];
    // This really needs to be resolved against PATH.
  }

  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
    _args.push_back(GLOBAL_ARGV[i]);
  }

#elif defined(IS_FREEBSD)
  // In FreeBSD, we can use sysctl to determine the command-line arguments.

  size_t bufsize = 4096;
  char buffer[4096];
  int mib[4] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_ARGS, 0};
  mib[3] = getpid();
  if (sysctl(mib, 4, (void*) buffer, &bufsize, NULL, 0) == -1) {
    perror("sysctl");
  } else {
    if (_binary_name.empty()) {
      _binary_name = buffer;
    }
    int idx = strlen(buffer) + 1;
    while (idx < bufsize) {
      _args.push_back((char*)(buffer + idx));
      int newidx = strlen(buffer + idx);
      idx += newidx + 1;
    }
  }

#elif defined(HAVE_PROC_SELF_CMDLINE) || defined(HAVE_PROC_CURPROC_CMDLINE)
  // In Linux, and possibly in other systems as well, we might not be
  // able to use the global ARGC/ARGV variables at static init time.
  // However, we may be lucky and have a file called
  // /proc/self/cmdline that may be read to determine all of our
  // command-line arguments.

#ifdef HAVE_PROC_CURPROC_CMDLINE
  pifstream proc("/proc/curproc/cmdline");
  if (proc.fail()) {
    cerr << "Cannot read /proc/curproc/cmdline; command-line arguments unavailable to config.\n";
    return;
  }
#else
  pifstream proc("/proc/self/cmdline");
  if (proc.fail()) {
    cerr << "Cannot read /proc/self/cmdline; command-line arguments unavailable to config.\n";
    return;
  }
#endif

  int ch = proc.get();
  int index = 0;
  while (!proc.eof() && !proc.fail()) {
    string arg;

    while (!proc.eof() && !proc.fail() && ch != '\0') {
      arg += (char)ch;
      ch = proc.get();
    }

    if (index == 0) {
      if (_binary_name.empty())
        _binary_name = arg;
    } else {
      _args.push_back(arg);
    }
    index++;

    ch = proc.get();
  }
#endif

  if (_dtool_name.empty()) {
    _dtool_name = _binary_name;
  }
}