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Fix copy & paste typos.

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John Winans 2020-03-11 10:47:47 -05:00
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book/rv32/chapter.tex
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@ -305,15 +305,16 @@ immediate operands.
When immediate operands are present in an instruction, they are placed in When immediate operands are present in an instruction, they are placed in
the remaining unused bits. However, they are organized such that the remaining unused bits. However, they are organized such that
the sign bit is ALWAYS in bit 31 and the remaining bits placed so the sign bit is {\em always} in bit 31 and the remaining bits placed so
as to minimize the number of places any given bit is located in different as to minimize the number of places any given bit is located in different
instructions. instructions.
For example, consider immediate operand bits 12-19. In the U-type format For example, consider immediate operand bits 12-19. In the U-type format
it is in bit positions 12-19. In the J-type format it is also in positions they are in bit positions 12-19. In the J-type format they are also in positions
12-19. In the J-type format immediate operand bits 1-10 are in the same 12-19. In the J-type format immediate operand bits 1-10 are in the same
instruction bit positions as they are in the I-type format and immediate instruction bit positions as they are in the I-type format and immediate
operand bits 5-10 are in the same positions as they are in the B-type format. operand bits 5-10 are in the same positions as they are in the B-type and
S-type formats.
While this is inconvenient for anyone looking at a memory hexdump, it does While this is inconvenient for anyone looking at a memory hexdump, it does
make sense when considering the impact of this choice on the number of make sense when considering the impact of this choice on the number of
@ -383,7 +384,7 @@ memory address \verb@0x800012f4@ then register \verb@x22@ will be set to
If \Gls{xlen}=64 then the \verb@imm_u@ value in this example will be converted If \Gls{xlen}=64 then the \verb@imm_u@ value in this example will be converted
to the same two's complement integer value by extending the sign-bit to the same two's complement integer value by extending the sign-bit
(indicated by \verb@a@ in \autoref{Figure:u_type_decode}) further to the left. further to the left.
@ -402,8 +403,9 @@ arranged in a different order.
%\DrawInsnTypeJTikz{00111001001110000001001111101111} %\DrawInsnTypeJTikz{00111001001110000001001111101111}
Note that the \verb@imm_j@ value is expressed in the instruction as a target Note that the \verb@imm_j@ value is
address that is converted to a 21-bit value in the range of %expressed in the instruction as a target address that is converted to
a 21-bit value in the range of
$[-1048576..1048575]$ representing a \verb@pc@-relative offset to the $[-1048576..1048575]$ representing a \verb@pc@-relative offset to the
target address. target address.
@ -455,7 +457,7 @@ form the \verb@imm_j@ value.
%\DrawBitBoxSignLeftZeroRightExtendedPicture{32}{11000000110111001001}{1} %\DrawBitBoxSignLeftZeroRightExtendedPicture{32}{11000000110111001001}{1}
The J-type format is used by the Jump And Link instruction that calculates The J-type format is used by the Jump And Link instruction that calculates
the target address by adding \verb@imm_b@ to the current program the target address by adding \verb@imm_j@ to the current program
counter. Since no instruction can be placed at an odd address the 20-bit counter. Since no instruction can be placed at an odd address the 20-bit
imm value is zero-extended to the right to represent a 21-bit signed offset imm value is zero-extended to the right to represent a 21-bit signed offset
capable of expressing a wider range of target addresses than the 20-bit capable of expressing a wider range of target addresses than the 20-bit
@ -471,10 +473,10 @@ jump to the address given by the sum of the \verb@pc@ register and the
\verb@imm_j@ value as decoded from the instruction shown in \verb@imm_j@ value as decoded from the instruction shown in
\autoref{imm.j:decode}. \autoref{imm.j:decode}.
Note that \verb@imm_j@ is expressed in the instruction as a target address Note that \verb@pcrel_21@ is expressed in the instruction as a target address
that is converted to a 21-bit value representing a \verb@pc@-relative offset or label that is converted to a 21-bit value representing a \verb@pc@-relative
to the target address. For example, consider the \verb@jal@ instructions in the offset to the target address.
following code: For example, consider the \verb@jal@ instructions in the following code:
\begin{verbatim} \begin{verbatim}
00000010: 000002ef jal x5,0x10 # jump to self (address 0x10) 00000010: 000002ef jal x5,0x10 # jump to self (address 0x10)
@ -523,7 +525,7 @@ Set register \verb@rd@ to \verb@rs1 + rs2@.
Set register \verb@rd@ to the bitwise \verb@and@ of \verb@rs1@ and \verb@rs2@. Set register \verb@rd@ to the bitwise \verb@and@ of \verb@rs1@ and \verb@rs2@.
For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0xff00ff00@ For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0xff00ff00@
then the instruction \verb@xor x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the then the instruction \verb@and x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the
value \verb@0x55001100@. value \verb@0x55001100@.
\item\instructionHeader{or\ \ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2} \item\instructionHeader{or\ \ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2}
@ -532,14 +534,14 @@ value \verb@0x55001100@.
Set register \verb@rd@ to the bitwise \verb@or@ of \verb@rs1@ and \verb@rs2@. Set register \verb@rd@ to the bitwise \verb@or@ of \verb@rs1@ and \verb@rs2@.
For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0xff00ff00@ For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0xff00ff00@
then the instruction \verb@xor x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the then the instruction \verb@or x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the
value \verb@0xff55ff11@. value \verb@0xff55ff11@.
\item\instructionHeader{sll\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2} \item\instructionHeader{sll\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2}
\label{insn:sll} \label{insn:sll}
Shift \verb@rs1@ left by the number of bits given in \verb@rs2@ and Shift \verb@rs1@ left by the number of bits specified in the least significant
store the result in \verb@rd@. five bits of \verb@rs2@ and store the result in \verb@rd@.
For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x12345678@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0x08@ For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x12345678@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0x08@
then the instruction \verb@sll x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the then the instruction \verb@sll x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the
@ -562,11 +564,11 @@ Otherwise, set \verb@rd@ to \verb@0@.
\item\instructionHeader{sra\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2} \item\instructionHeader{sra\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2}
\label{insn:sra} \label{insn:sra}
Logic-shift \verb@rs1@ right by the number of bits given in \verb@rs2@ and Arithmetic-shift \verb@rs1@ right by the number of bits given in \verb@rs2@ and
store the result in \verb@rd@. store the result in \verb@rd@.
For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x87654321@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0x08@ For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x87654321@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0x08@
then the instruction \verb@sll x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the then the instruction \verb@sra x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the
value \verb@0xff876543@. value \verb@0xff876543@.
\item\instructionHeader{srl\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2} \item\instructionHeader{srl\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2}
@ -576,7 +578,7 @@ Logic-shift \verb@rs1@ right by the number of bits given in \verb@rs2@ and
store the result in \verb@rd@. store the result in \verb@rd@.
For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x87654321@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0x08@ For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x87654321@ and \verb@x18@ = \verb@0x08@
then the instruction \verb@sll x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the then the instruction \verb@srl x12,x17,x18@ will set \verb@x12@ to the
value \verb@0x00876543@. value \verb@0x00876543@.
\item\instructionHeader{sub\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2} \item\instructionHeader{sub\ \ \ rd,rs1,rs2}
@ -668,17 +670,17 @@ Recall that \verb@imm@ is sign-extended.
Therefore if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ then the instruction Therefore if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ then the instruction
\verb@andi x12,x17,0x800@ will set \verb@x12@ to the value \verb@0x55551000@. \verb@andi x12,x17,0x800@ will set \verb@x12@ to the value \verb@0x55551000@.
\item\instructionHeader{jalr\ \ rd,rs1,imm} \item\instructionHeader{jalr\ \ rd,imm(rs1)}
\label{insn:jalr} \label{insn:jalr}
Set register \verb@rd@ to the address of the next instruction that would Set register \verb@rd@ to the address of the next instruction that would
otherwise be executed (the address of the \verb@jalr@ instruction + 4) and then otherwise be executed (the address of the \verb@jalr@ instruction + 4) and then
jump to an address given by the sum of the \verb@pc@ register and the jump to an address given by the sum of the \verb@rs1@ register and the
\verb@imm_i@ value as decoded from the instruction shown in \autoref{imm.i:decode}. \verb@imm_i@ value as decoded from the instruction shown in \autoref{imm.i:decode}.
Note that the \verb@pc@ register can never refer to an odd address. Note that the \verb@pc@ register can never refer to an odd address.
This instruction will explicitly set the \acrshort{lsb} to zero regardless This instruction will explicitly set the \acrshort{lsb} to zero regardless
of the value of \verb@rs1@. of the value of the value of the calculated target address.
\item\instructionHeader{lb\ \ \ \ rd,imm(rs1)} \item\instructionHeader{lb\ \ \ \ rd,imm(rs1)}
\label{insn:lb} \label{insn:lb}
@ -809,7 +811,7 @@ For example, if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ then the instruction
\verb@xori x12,x17,0x0ff@ will set \verb@x12@ to the value \verb@0x555511ee@. \verb@xori x12,x17,0x0ff@ will set \verb@x12@ to the value \verb@0x555511ee@.
Recall that \verb@imm@ is sign-extended. Recall that \verb@imm@ is sign-extended.
Therefore if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ then the instruction Therefore if \verb@x17@ = \verb@0x55551111@ then
\verb@xori x12,x17,0x800@ will set \verb@x12@ to the value \verb@0xaaaae911@. \verb@xori x12,x17,0x800@ will set \verb@x12@ to the value \verb@0xaaaae911@.
\end{itemize} \end{itemize}
@ -879,8 +881,8 @@ address \verb@0x00002652@ from \verb@0x0000@ to \verb@0x5678@ resulting in:
\item\instructionHeader{sw\ \ \ \ rs2,imm(rs1)} \item\instructionHeader{sw\ \ \ \ rs2,imm(rs1)}
\label{insn:sw} \label{insn:sw}
Set the 32-bit word of memory at the address given by the sum of \verb@rs1@ and Store the 32-bit value in \verb@rs2@ into the memory at the address given
\verb@imm_s@ to the 16 \acrshort{lsb}s of \verb@rs2@. by the sum of \verb@rs1@ and \verb@imm_s@.
For example, given the memory contents shown in \autoref{Figure:imm:memory:dump}, For example, given the memory contents shown in \autoref{Figure:imm:memory:dump},
if registers \verb@x13@ = \verb@0x00002650@ and \verb@x12@ = \verb@0x12345678@ if registers \verb@x13@ = \verb@0x00002650@ and \verb@x12@ = \verb@0x12345678@