cgen: fix default T{} when T is ref type + dereferencing issue when comparing int alias to int (fix #22795) (#22807)

vlib/v/gen/c/infix.v

@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ fn (mut g Gen) infix_expr_eq_op(node ast.InfixExpr) {
 			.alias {
 				// optimize simple eq/ne operation on numbers
 				if left.unaliased_sym.is_int() {
-					if left.typ.is_ptr() {
+					if left.typ.is_ptr() && node.left.is_auto_deref_var() && !right.typ.is_pointer() {
 						g.write('*'.repeat(left.typ.nr_muls()))
 					}
 					g.expr(node.left)

vlib/v/gen/c/str.v

@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_expr_to_string(expr ast.Expr, etype ast.Type) {
 	if is_shared {
 		typ = typ.clear_flag(.shared_f).set_nr_muls(0)
 	}
+	// original is_ptr for the typ (aliased type could overwrite it)
+	is_ptr := typ.is_ptr()
 	mut sym := g.table.sym(typ)
 	// when type is non-option alias and doesn't has `str()`, print the aliased value
 	if mut sym.info is ast.Alias && !sym.has_method('str') && !etype.has_flag(.option) {
@@ -113,7 +115,6 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_expr_to_string(expr ast.Expr, etype ast.Type) {
 		|| sym.kind in [.array, .array_fixed, .map, .struct, .multi_return, .sum_type, .interface] {
 		unwrap_option := expr is ast.Ident && expr.or_expr.kind == .propagate_option
 		exp_typ := if unwrap_option { typ.clear_flag(.option) } else { typ }
-		is_ptr := exp_typ.is_ptr()
 		is_dump_expr := expr is ast.DumpExpr
 		is_var_mut := expr.is_auto_deref_var()
 		str_fn_name := g.get_str_fn(exp_typ)
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_expr_to_string(expr ast.Expr, etype ast.Type) {
 			if sym.is_c_struct() {
 				g.write(c_struct_ptr(sym, typ, str_method_expects_ptr))
 			} else {
-				g.write('*'.repeat(typ.nr_muls()))
+				g.write('*'.repeat(etype.nr_muls()))
 			}
 		} else if sym.is_c_struct() {
 			g.write(c_struct_ptr(sym, typ, str_method_expects_ptr))
@@ -201,7 +202,6 @@ fn (mut g Gen) gen_expr_to_string(expr ast.Expr, etype ast.Type) {
 			g.write('}}}))')
 		}
 	} else {
-		is_ptr := typ.is_ptr()
 		is_var_mut := expr.is_auto_deref_var()
 		str_fn_name := g.get_str_fn(typ)
 		g.write('${str_fn_name}(')

vlib/v/gen/c/struct.v

@@ -37,9 +37,16 @@ fn (mut g Gen) struct_init(node ast.StructInit) {
 		g.go_back(3)
 		return
 	}
-	mut sym := g.table.final_sym(g.unwrap_generic(node.typ))
+	unwrapped_typ := g.unwrap_generic(node.typ)
+	mut sym := g.table.final_sym(unwrapped_typ)
 	if sym.kind == .sum_type {
-		g.write(g.type_default_sumtype(g.unwrap_generic(node.typ), sym))
+		if node.typ.has_flag(.generic) && unwrapped_typ.is_ptr() {
+			g.write('&(')
+			g.write(g.type_default_sumtype(unwrapped_typ.set_nr_muls(0), sym))
+			g.write(')')
+		} else {
+			g.write(g.type_default_sumtype(unwrapped_typ, sym))
+		}
 		return
 	}
 	is_amp := g.is_amp
@@ -120,7 +127,7 @@ fn (mut g Gen) struct_init(node ast.StructInit) {
 	} else {
 		// alias to pointer type
 		if (g.table.sym(node.typ).kind == .alias && g.table.unaliased_type(node.typ).is_ptr())
-			|| (node.typ.has_flag(.generic) && g.unwrap_generic(node.typ).is_ptr()) {
+			|| (!sym.is_int() && node.typ.has_flag(.generic) && unwrapped_typ.is_ptr()) {
 			g.write('&')
 		}
 		if is_array || const_msvc_init {
@@ -349,10 +356,10 @@ fn (mut g Gen) struct_init(node ast.StructInit) {
 		g.fixed_array_init(ast.ArrayInit{
 			pos:       node.pos
 			is_fixed:  true
-			typ:       g.unwrap_generic(node.typ)
+			typ:       unwrapped_typ
 			exprs:     [ast.empty_expr]
 			elem_type: arr_info.elem_type
-		}, g.unwrap(g.unwrap_generic(node.typ)), '', g.is_amp)
+		}, g.unwrap(unwrapped_typ), '', g.is_amp)
 		initialized = true
 	}
 	if is_multiline {

vlib/v/tests/generics/default_type_with_ref_test.v

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+struct Struct {}
+
+type StructAlias = Struct
+
+type SumType = Struct | int
+
+type AliasInt = int
+
+fn (d Struct) a[T]() T {
+	return T{}
+}
+
+fn test_main() {
+	s := Struct{}
+	assert s.a[&int]() == 0
+	assert s.a[&int]() == unsafe { nil }
+	assert s.a[&Struct]() == Struct{}
+	assert s.a[&SumType]() is Struct
+	assert s.a[&StructAlias]() == StructAlias{}
+	assert s.a[&AliasInt]() == AliasInt(0)
+}