cgen: fix parallel cached_type_to_str access (fix #23980) (#23998)

vlib/v/ast/table.v

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ pub mut:
 	builtin_pub_fns   map[string]bool
 	pointer_size      int
 	// cache for type_to_str_using_aliases
-	cached_type_to_str map[u64]string
+	cached_type_to_str shared map[u64]string
 	// counters and maps for anon structs and unions, to avoid name conflicts.
 	anon_struct_names   map[string]int // anon struct name -> struct sym idx
 	anon_struct_counter int

vlib/v/ast/types.v

@@ -1417,9 +1417,11 @@ pub fn (t &Table) type_to_str_using_aliases(typ Type, import_aliases map[string]
 	mut res := sym.name
 	mut mt := unsafe { &Table(t) }
 	defer {
+		lock mt.cached_type_to_str {
 			// Note, that this relies on `res = value return res` if you want to return early!
 			mt.cached_type_to_str[cache_key] = res
 		}
+	}
 	// Note, that the duplication of code in some of the match branches here
 	// is VERY deliberate. DO NOT be tempted to use `else {}` instead, because
 	// that strongly reduces the usefulness of the exhaustive checking that