diff --git a/app/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/nav/destination/reader/KiwixReaderFragment.kt b/app/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/nav/destination/reader/KiwixReaderFragment.kt
index 089ffe209..c2cbaeb3a 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/nav/destination/reader/KiwixReaderFragment.kt
+++ b/app/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/nav/destination/reader/KiwixReaderFragment.kt
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ class KiwixReaderFragment : CoreReaderFragment() {
         progressBar?.progress = 0
         contentFrame?.visibility = View.VISIBLE
       }
-      mainMenu?.showWebViewOptions(true)
+      readerMenuState?.showWebViewOptions(true)
       if (webViewList.isEmpty()) {
         exitBook(shouldCloseZimBook)
       } else {
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class KiwixReaderFragment : CoreReaderFragment() {
   override fun onCreateOptionsMenu(menu: Menu, menuInflater: MenuInflater) {
     super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu, menuInflater)
     if (zimReaderContainer?.zimFileReader == null) {
-      mainMenu?.hideBookSpecificMenuItems()
+      readerMenuState?.hideBookSpecificMenuItems()
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/core/detekt_baseline.xml b/core/detekt_baseline.xml
index 09091af73..c20fc03cd 100644
--- a/core/detekt_baseline.xml
+++ b/core/detekt_baseline.xml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
     <ID>LongParameterList:MainMenu.kt$MainMenu.Factory$( menu: Menu, webViews: MutableList&lt;KiwixWebView>, urlIsValid: Boolean, menuClickListener: MenuClickListener, disableReadAloud: Boolean, disableTabs: Boolean )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:PageTestHelpers.kt$( bookmarkTitle: String = "bookmarkTitle", isSelected: Boolean = false, id: Long = 2, zimId: String = "zimId", zimName: String = "zimName", zimFilePath: String = "zimFilePath", bookmarkUrl: String = "bookmarkUrl", favicon: String = "favicon" )</ID>
     <ID>LongParameterList:Repository.kt$Repository$( private val libkiwixBookOnDisk: LibkiwixBookOnDisk, private val libkiwixBookmarks: LibkiwixBookmarks, private val historyRoomDao: HistoryRoomDao, private val webViewHistoryRoomDao: WebViewHistoryRoomDao, private val notesRoomDao: NotesRoomDao, private val languageDao: NewLanguagesDao, private val recentSearchRoomDao: RecentSearchRoomDao, private val zimReaderContainer: ZimReaderContainer )</ID>
-    <ID>LongParameterList:ToolbarScrollingKiwixWebView.kt$ToolbarScrollingKiwixWebView$( context: Context, callback: WebViewCallback, attrs: AttributeSet, nonVideoView: ViewGroup, videoView: ViewGroup, webViewClient: CoreWebViewClient, private val toolbarView: View, private val bottomBarView: View, sharedPreferenceUtil: SharedPreferenceUtil, private val parentNavigationBar: View? = null )</ID>
+    <ID>LongParameterList:ToolbarScrollingKiwixWebView.kt$ToolbarScrollingKiwixWebView$( context: Context, callback: WebViewCallback, attrs: AttributeSet, nonVideoView: ViewGroup?, videoView: ViewGroup?, webViewClient: CoreWebViewClient, sharedPreferenceUtil: SharedPreferenceUtil, private val parentNavigationBar: View? = null )</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:ArticleCount.kt$ArticleCount$3</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:CompatFindActionModeCallback.kt$CompatFindActionModeCallback$100</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:DownloadItem.kt$DownloadItem$1000L</ID>
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
     <ID>MagicNumber:JNIInitialiser.kt$JNIInitialiser$1024</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:Byte.kt$Byte$1024.0</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:MainMenu.kt$MainMenu$99</ID>
+    <ID>MagicNumber:ReaderMenuState.kt$ReaderMenuState$99</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:OnSwipeTouchListener.kt$OnSwipeTouchListener.GestureListener$100</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:SearchResultGenerator.kt$ZimSearchResultGenerator$200</ID>
     <ID>MagicNumber:Seconds.kt$Seconds$24</ID>
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/CoreReaderFragment.kt b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/CoreReaderFragment.kt
index d06897d1d..bf87ad94c 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/CoreReaderFragment.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/CoreReaderFragment.kt
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ import androidx.compose.material3.SnackbarResult
 import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateListOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
+import androidx.compose.runtime.snapshotFlow
 import androidx.compose.ui.platform.ComposeView
 import androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
 import androidx.constraintlayout.widget.Group
@@ -106,6 +107,7 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.SupervisorJob
 import kotlinx.coroutines.cancel
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.combine
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.distinctUntilChanged
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.emptyFlow
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import kotlinx.coroutines.sync.Mutex
@@ -368,6 +370,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
   private var isReadAloudServiceRunning = false
   private var libkiwixBook: Book? = null
 
+  protected var readerMenuState: ReaderMenuState? = null
   private var composeView: ComposeView? = null
   protected val readerScreenState = mutableStateOf(
     ReaderScreenState(
@@ -384,7 +387,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
       onExitFullscreenClick = { closeFullScreen() },
       showTtsControls = false,
       onPauseTtsClick = { pauseTts() },
-      pauseTtsButtonText = "",
+      pauseTtsButtonText = context?.getString(R.string.tts_pause).orEmpty(),
       onStopTtsClick = { stopTts() },
       kiwixWebViewList = webViewList,
       bookmarkButtonItem = Triple(
@@ -497,6 +500,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
     savedInstanceState: Bundle?
   ) {
     super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)
+    readerMenuState = createMainMenu()
     composeView?.apply {
       setContent {
         val lazyListState = rememberLazyListState()
@@ -504,6 +508,13 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
         LaunchedEffect(isBottomNavVisible) {
           (requireActivity() as CoreMainActivity).toggleBottomNavigation(isBottomNavVisible)
         }
+        LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
+          snapshotFlow { webViewList.size }
+            .distinctUntilChanged()
+            .collect { size ->
+              updateTabIcon(size)
+            }
+        }
         LaunchedEffect(Unit) {
           readerScreenState.update {
             copy(
@@ -514,7 +525,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
         }
         ReaderScreen(
           state = readerScreenState.value,
-          actionMenuItems = emptyList(),
+          actionMenuItems = readerMenuState?.menuItems.orEmpty(),
           navigationIcon = {
             NavigationIcon(
               iconItem = IconItem.Vector(Icons.Filled.Menu),
@@ -806,7 +817,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
   }
 
   private val isInTabSwitcher: Boolean
-    get() = mainMenu?.isInTabSwitcher() == true
+    get() = readerMenuState?.isInTabSwitcher == true
 
   private fun setupDocumentParser() {
     documentParser = DocumentParser(object : SectionsListener {
@@ -865,7 +876,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
       ).apply {
         registerAdapterDataObserver(object : AdapterDataObserver() {
           override fun onChanged() {
-            mainMenu?.updateTabIcon(itemCount)
+            readerMenuState?.updateTabIcon(itemCount)
           }
         })
       }
@@ -948,7 +959,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
       // reflected correctly.
       tabsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged()
     }
-    mainMenu?.showTabSwitcherOptions()
+    readerMenuState?.showTabSwitcherOptions()
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1019,7 +1030,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
     }
     progressBar?.hide()
     selectTab(currentWebViewIndex)
-    mainMenu?.showWebViewOptions(urlIsValid())
+    readerMenuState?.showWebViewOptions(urlIsValid())
     // Reset the top margin of web views to 0 to remove any previously set margin
     // This ensures that the web views are displayed without any additional top margin for kiwix custom apps.
     setTopMarginToWebViews(0)
@@ -1267,17 +1278,21 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
           object : OnSpeakingListener {
             override fun onSpeakingStarted() {
               requireActivity().runOnUiThread {
-                mainMenu?.onTextToSpeechStartedTalking()
-                ttsControls?.visibility = VISIBLE
+                readerMenuState?.onTextToSpeechStarted()
+                readerScreenState.update { copy(showTtsControls = true) }
                 setActionAndStartTTSService(ACTION_PAUSE_OR_RESUME_TTS, false)
               }
             }
 
             override fun onSpeakingEnded() {
               requireActivity().runOnUiThread {
-                mainMenu?.onTextToSpeechStoppedTalking()
-                ttsControls?.visibility = GONE
-                pauseTTSButton?.setText(R.string.tts_pause)
+                readerMenuState?.onTextToSpeechStopped()
+                readerScreenState.update {
+                  copy(
+                    showTtsControls = false,
+                    pauseTtsButtonText = context?.getString(R.string.tts_pause).orEmpty()
+                  )
+                }
                 setActionAndStartTTSService(ACTION_STOP_TTS)
               }
             }
@@ -1293,12 +1308,16 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
               when (focusChange) {
                 AudioManager.AUDIOFOCUS_LOSS -> {
                   if (tts?.currentTTSTask?.paused == false) tts?.pauseOrResume()
-                  pauseTTSButton?.setText(R.string.tts_resume)
+                  readerScreenState.update {
+                    copy(pauseTtsButtonText = context?.getString(R.string.tts_resume).orEmpty())
+                  }
                   setActionAndStartTTSService(ACTION_PAUSE_OR_RESUME_TTS, true)
                 }
 
                 AudioManager.AUDIOFOCUS_GAIN -> {
-                  pauseTTSButton?.setText(R.string.tts_pause)
+                  readerScreenState.update {
+                    copy(pauseTtsButtonText = context?.getString(R.string.tts_pause).orEmpty())
+                  }
                   setActionAndStartTTSService(ACTION_PAUSE_OR_RESUME_TTS, false)
                 }
               }
@@ -1543,6 +1562,10 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
     return webView
   }
 
+  private fun updateTabIcon(size: Int) {
+    readerMenuState?.updateTabIcon(size)
+  }
+
   private fun closeTab(index: Int) {
     if (currentTtsWebViewIndex == index) {
       onReadAloudStop()
@@ -1579,7 +1602,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
   private fun reopenBook() {
     hideNoBookOpenViews()
     contentFrame?.visibility = VISIBLE
-    mainMenu?.showBookSpecificMenuItems()
+    readerMenuState?.showBookSpecificMenuItems()
   }
 
   protected fun exitBook(shouldCloseZimBook: Boolean = true) {
@@ -1592,7 +1615,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
     }
     contentFrame?.visibility = GONE
     hideProgressBar()
-    mainMenu?.hideBookSpecificMenuItems()
+    readerMenuState?.hideBookSpecificMenuItems()
     if (shouldCloseZimBook) {
       closeZimBook()
     }
@@ -1702,28 +1725,26 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
   @Suppress("NestedBlockDepth")
   override fun onReadAloudMenuClicked() {
     if (requireActivity().hasNotificationPermission(sharedPreferenceUtil)) {
-      ttsControls?.let { ttsControls ->
-        when (ttsControls.visibility) {
-          GONE -> {
-            if (isBackToTopEnabled) {
-              backToTopButton?.hide()
-            }
-            if (tts?.isInitialized == false) {
-              isReadSelection = false
-              tts?.initializeTTS()
-            } else {
-              startReadAloud()
-            }
-          }
-
-          VISIBLE -> {
-            if (isBackToTopEnabled) {
-              backToTopButton?.show()
-            }
-            tts?.stop()
-          }
-
-          else -> {}
+      if (readerScreenState.value.showTtsControls) {
+        // currently TTS is running
+        if (isBackToTopEnabled) {
+          readerScreenState.update { copy(showBackToTopButton = true) }
+          backToTopButton?.show()
+        }
+        tts?.stop()
+      } else {
+        // TTS is not running.
+        if (isBackToTopEnabled) {
+          readerScreenState.update { copy(showBackToTopButton = false) }
+        }
+        readerScreenState.update {
+          copy(pauseTtsButtonText = context?.getString(R.string.tts_pause).orEmpty())
+        }
+        if (tts?.isInitialized == false) {
+          isReadSelection = false
+          tts?.initializeTTS()
+        } else {
+          startReadAloud()
         }
       }
     } else {
@@ -1945,7 +1966,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
         if (!isFromManageExternalLaunch) {
           openArticle(UNINITIALISER_ADDRESS)
         }
-        mainMenu?.onFileOpened(urlIsValid())
+        readerMenuState?.onFileOpened(urlIsValid())
         setUpBookmarks(zimFileReader)
       } ?: kotlin.run {
         // If the ZIM file is not opened properly (especially for ZIM chunks), exit the book to
@@ -2558,9 +2579,10 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
    * WARNING: If modifying this method, ensure thorough testing with custom apps
    * to verify proper functionality.
    */
-  protected open fun createMainMenu(menu: Menu?): ReaderMenuState? =
+  protected open fun createMainMenu(): ReaderMenuState =
     ReaderMenuState(
       this,
+      isUrlValidInitially = urlIsValid(),
       disableReadAloud = false,
       disableTabs = false,
       disableSearch = false
@@ -2799,6 +2821,7 @@ abstract class CoreReaderFragment :
   }
 
   override fun webViewTitleUpdated(title: String) {
+    updateTabIcon(webViewList.size)
     tabsAdapter?.notifyDataSetChanged()
   }
 
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderMenuState.kt b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderMenuState.kt
index abdf44096..bc03c5b9d 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderMenuState.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderMenuState.kt
@@ -18,16 +18,39 @@
 
 package org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.main.reader
 
-import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
-import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Add
+import androidx.compose.foundation.background
+import androidx.compose.foundation.border
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.defaultMinSize
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.padding
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.size
+import androidx.compose.foundation.shape.RoundedCornerShape
+import androidx.compose.material3.Text
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.Stable
 import androidx.compose.runtime.getValue
+import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateListOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
 import androidx.compose.runtime.setValue
+import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
+import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
+import androidx.compose.ui.draw.clip
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.font.FontWeight
+import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextOverflow
 import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.R
 import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.page.SEARCH_ICON_TESTING_TAG
 import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.models.ActionMenuItem
 import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.models.IconItem
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.theme.Black
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.theme.White
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.MATERIAL_MINIMUM_HEIGHT_AND_WIDTH
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.ONE_DP
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.SIX_DP
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.TAB_SWITCHER_CORNER_RADIUS
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.TAB_SWITCHER_TEXT_SIZE
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.TWELVE_DP
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.TWENTY_DP
+import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.utils.ComposeDimens.TWO_DP
 
 const val READ_ALOUD_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG = "readAloudMenuItemTestingTag"
 const val TAKE_NOTE_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG = "takeNoteMenuItemTestingTag"
@@ -38,6 +61,7 @@ const val TAB_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG = "tabMenuItemTestingTag"
 @Stable
 class ReaderMenuState(
   private val menuClickListener: MenuClickListener,
+  private val isUrlValidInitially: Boolean,
   private val disableReadAloud: Boolean = false,
   private val disableTabs: Boolean = false,
   private val disableSearch: Boolean = false
@@ -52,50 +76,105 @@ class ReaderMenuState(
     fun onSearchMenuClickedMenuClicked()
   }
 
+  val menuItems = mutableStateListOf<ActionMenuItem>()
+
+  private val menuItemVisibility = mutableMapOf<MenuItemType, Boolean>().apply {
+    put(MenuItemType.Search, true)
+    put(MenuItemType.TabSwitcher, true)
+    put(MenuItemType.AddNote, true)
+    put(MenuItemType.RandomArticle, true)
+    put(MenuItemType.Fullscreen, true)
+    put(MenuItemType.ReadAloud, true)
+  }
+
   var isInTabSwitcher by mutableStateOf(false)
     private set
 
-  var isReadingAloud by mutableStateOf(false)
-    private set
+  private var isReadingAloud by mutableStateOf(false)
 
-  var webViewCount by mutableStateOf(0)
-  var urlIsValid by mutableStateOf(false)
-  var zimFileReaderAvailable by mutableStateOf(false)
+  private var webViewCount by mutableStateOf(0)
+  private var urlIsValid by mutableStateOf(false)
 
-  fun onTabsChanged(count: Int) {
+  fun updateTabIcon(count: Int) {
     webViewCount = count
+    updateMenuItems()
   }
 
-  fun onUrlValidityChanged(valid: Boolean) {
+  init {
+    showWebViewOptions(isUrlValidInitially)
+  }
+
+  fun showWebViewOptions(valid: Boolean) {
+    isInTabSwitcher = false
     urlIsValid = valid
+    setVisibility(
+      urlIsValid,
+      MenuItemType.RandomArticle,
+      MenuItemType.Search,
+      MenuItemType.ReadAloud,
+      MenuItemType.Fullscreen,
+      MenuItemType.AddNote,
+      MenuItemType.TabSwitcher
+    )
   }
 
-  fun onZimFileReaderAvailable(available: Boolean) {
-    zimFileReaderAvailable = available
+  fun onFileOpened(urlIsValid: Boolean) {
+    showWebViewOptions(urlIsValid)
   }
 
   fun onTextToSpeechStarted() {
     isReadingAloud = true
+    updateMenuItems()
   }
 
   fun onTextToSpeechStopped() {
     isReadingAloud = false
+    updateMenuItems()
   }
 
-  fun exitTabSwitcher() {
-    isInTabSwitcher = false
+  fun hideBookSpecificMenuItems() {
+    setVisibility(
+      false,
+      MenuItemType.Search,
+      MenuItemType.TabSwitcher,
+      MenuItemType.RandomArticle,
+      MenuItemType.AddNote,
+      MenuItemType.ReadAloud
+    )
   }
 
-  @Suppress("LongMethod", "MagicNumber")
-  fun getActionMenuItems(): List<ActionMenuItem> {
-    if (isInTabSwitcher) {
-      return emptyList()
-    }
+  fun showBookSpecificMenuItems() {
+    setVisibility(
+      true,
+      MenuItemType.Search,
+      MenuItemType.TabSwitcher,
+      MenuItemType.RandomArticle,
+      MenuItemType.AddNote,
+      MenuItemType.ReadAloud
+    )
+  }
 
-    val list = mutableListOf<ActionMenuItem>()
+  fun showTabSwitcherOptions() {
+    isInTabSwitcher = true
+    setVisibility(
+      false,
+      MenuItemType.RandomArticle,
+      MenuItemType.ReadAloud,
+      MenuItemType.AddNote,
+      MenuItemType.Fullscreen
+    )
+  }
 
-    if (!disableSearch && urlIsValid) {
-      list += ActionMenuItem(
+  private fun updateMenuItems() {
+    menuItems.clear()
+    addSearchMenuItem()
+    addTabMenuItem()
+    addReaderMenuItems()
+  }
+
+  private fun addSearchMenuItem() {
+    if (menuItemVisibility[MenuItemType.Search] == true && !disableSearch && urlIsValid) {
+      menuItems += ActionMenuItem(
         icon = IconItem.Drawable(R.drawable.action_search),
         contentDescription = R.string.search_label,
         onClick = { menuClickListener.onSearchMenuClickedMenuClicked() },
@@ -103,11 +182,13 @@ class ReaderMenuState(
         testingTag = SEARCH_ICON_TESTING_TAG
       )
     }
+  }
 
-    if (!disableTabs) {
+  private fun addTabMenuItem() {
+    if (!disableTabs && urlIsValid) {
       val tabLabel = if (webViewCount > 99) ":D" else "$webViewCount"
-      list += ActionMenuItem(
-        icon = IconItem.Vector(Icons.Default.Add),
+      menuItems += ActionMenuItem(
+        icon = null,
         contentDescription = R.string.switch_tabs,
         onClick = {
           isInTabSwitcher = true
@@ -115,42 +196,102 @@ class ReaderMenuState(
         },
         isInOverflow = false,
         iconButtonText = tabLabel,
-        testingTag = TAB_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG
+        testingTag = TAB_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG,
+        customView = { TabSwitcherBadge(tabLabel = tabLabel) }
       )
     }
+  }
 
-    if (urlIsValid) {
-      list += listOf(
-        ActionMenuItem(
-          icon = IconItem.Drawable(R.drawable.ic_add_note),
-          contentDescription = R.string.take_notes,
-          onClick = { menuClickListener.onAddNoteMenuClicked() },
-          testingTag = TAKE_NOTE_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG
-        ),
-        ActionMenuItem(
-          contentDescription = R.string.menu_random_article,
-          onClick = { menuClickListener.onRandomArticleMenuClicked() },
-          testingTag = RANDOM_ARTICLE_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG
-        ),
-        ActionMenuItem(
-          contentDescription = R.string.menu_full_screen,
-          onClick = { menuClickListener.onFullscreenMenuClicked() },
-          testingTag = FULL_SCREEN_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG
-        )
-      )
-
-      if (!disableReadAloud) {
-        list += ActionMenuItem(
-          contentDescription = if (isReadingAloud) R.string.menu_read_aloud_stop else R.string.menu_read_aloud,
-          onClick = {
-            isReadingAloud = !isReadingAloud
-            menuClickListener.onReadAloudMenuClicked()
-          },
-          testingTag = READ_ALOUD_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG
+  @Composable
+  fun TabSwitcherBadge(tabLabel: String, modifier: Modifier = Modifier) {
+    Box(
+      modifier = modifier
+        .size(MATERIAL_MINIMUM_HEIGHT_AND_WIDTH)
+        .padding(TWELVE_DP),
+      contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
+    ) {
+      Box(
+        modifier = modifier
+          .clip(RoundedCornerShape(TAB_SWITCHER_CORNER_RADIUS))
+          .background(Black)
+          .border(ONE_DP, White, RoundedCornerShape(TAB_SWITCHER_CORNER_RADIUS))
+          .padding(horizontal = SIX_DP, vertical = TWO_DP)
+          .defaultMinSize(minWidth = TWENTY_DP, minHeight = TWENTY_DP),
+        contentAlignment = Alignment.Center
+      ) {
+        Text(
+          text = tabLabel,
+          color = White,
+          fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold,
+          fontSize = TAB_SWITCHER_TEXT_SIZE,
+          maxLines = 1,
+          overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis
         )
       }
     }
+  }
 
-    return list
+  private fun addReaderMenuItems() {
+    if (!urlIsValid) return
+
+    if (menuItemVisibility[MenuItemType.Search] == true) {
+      menuItems += ActionMenuItem(
+        icon = IconItem.Drawable(R.drawable.ic_add_note),
+        contentDescription = R.string.take_notes,
+        onClick = { menuClickListener.onAddNoteMenuClicked() },
+        testingTag = TAKE_NOTE_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG,
+        isInOverflow = true
+      )
+    }
+
+    if (menuItemVisibility[MenuItemType.RandomArticle] == true) {
+      menuItems += ActionMenuItem(
+        contentDescription = R.string.menu_random_article,
+        onClick = { menuClickListener.onRandomArticleMenuClicked() },
+        testingTag = RANDOM_ARTICLE_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG,
+        isInOverflow = true
+      )
+    }
+
+    if (menuItemVisibility[MenuItemType.Fullscreen] == true) {
+      menuItems += ActionMenuItem(
+        contentDescription = R.string.menu_full_screen,
+        onClick = { menuClickListener.onFullscreenMenuClicked() },
+        testingTag = FULL_SCREEN_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG,
+        isInOverflow = true
+      )
+    }
+
+    if (menuItemVisibility[MenuItemType.ReadAloud] == true && !disableReadAloud) {
+      menuItems += ActionMenuItem(
+        contentDescription = if (isReadingAloud) R.string.menu_read_aloud_stop else R.string.menu_read_aloud,
+        onClick = {
+          isReadingAloud = !isReadingAloud
+          menuClickListener.onReadAloudMenuClicked()
+        },
+        testingTag = READ_ALOUD_MENU_ITEM_TESTING_TAG,
+        isInOverflow = true
+      )
+    }
+  }
+
+  private fun setVisibility(visible: Boolean, vararg types: MenuItemType) {
+    types.forEach {
+      if (it == MenuItemType.Search && disableSearch) {
+        menuItemVisibility[it] = false
+      } else {
+        menuItemVisibility[it] = visible
+      }
+    }
+    updateMenuItems()
   }
 }
+
+enum class MenuItemType {
+  Search,
+  TabSwitcher,
+  AddNote,
+  RandomArticle,
+  Fullscreen,
+  ReadAloud
+}
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderScreen.kt b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderScreen.kt
index 5d43ef8c1..9673e6652 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderScreen.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/main/reader/ReaderScreen.kt
@@ -150,15 +150,19 @@ fun ReaderScreen(
         } else {
           ShowZIMFileContent(state)
           ShowProgressBarIfZIMFilePageIsLoading(state)
-          TtsControls(state)
-          BottomAppBarOfReaderScreen(
-            state.bookmarkButtonItem,
-            state.previousPageButtonItem,
-            state.onHomeButtonClick,
-            state.nextPageButtonItem,
-            state.onTocClick,
-            state.shouldShowBottomAppBar
-          )
+          Column(
+            modifier = Modifier.align(Alignment.BottomCenter)
+          ) {
+            TtsControls(state)
+            BottomAppBarOfReaderScreen(
+              state.bookmarkButtonItem,
+              state.previousPageButtonItem,
+              state.onHomeButtonClick,
+              state.nextPageButtonItem,
+              state.onTocClick,
+              state.shouldShowBottomAppBar
+            )
+          }
           ShowFullScreenView(state)
         }
         ShowDonationLayout(state)
@@ -225,9 +229,9 @@ private fun NoBookOpenView(
 }
 
 @Composable
-private fun BoxScope.TtsControls(state: ReaderScreenState) {
+private fun TtsControls(state: ReaderScreenState) {
   if (state.showTtsControls) {
-    Row(modifier = Modifier.align(Alignment.BottomCenter)) {
+    Row {
       Button(
         onClick = state.onPauseTtsClick,
         modifier = Modifier
@@ -235,7 +239,7 @@ private fun BoxScope.TtsControls(state: ReaderScreenState) {
           .alpha(TTS_BUTTONS_CONTROL_ALPHA)
       ) {
         Text(
-          text = state.pauseTtsButtonText,
+          text = state.pauseTtsButtonText.uppercase(),
           fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold
         )
       }
@@ -247,7 +251,7 @@ private fun BoxScope.TtsControls(state: ReaderScreenState) {
           .alpha(TTS_BUTTONS_CONTROL_ALPHA)
       ) {
         Text(
-          text = stringResource(R.string.stop),
+          text = stringResource(R.string.stop).uppercase(),
           fontWeight = FontWeight.Bold
         )
       }
@@ -276,7 +280,7 @@ private fun BackToTopFab(state: ReaderScreenState) {
 
 @OptIn(ExperimentalMaterial3Api::class)
 @Composable
-private fun BoxScope.BottomAppBarOfReaderScreen(
+private fun BottomAppBarOfReaderScreen(
   bookmarkButtonItem: Triple<() -> Unit, () -> Unit, Drawable>,
   previousPageButtonItem: Triple<() -> Unit, () -> Unit, Boolean>,
   onHomeButtonClick: () -> Unit,
@@ -288,7 +292,6 @@ private fun BoxScope.BottomAppBarOfReaderScreen(
   BottomAppBar(
     containerColor = Black,
     contentColor = White,
-    modifier = Modifier.align(Alignment.BottomCenter),
     scrollBehavior = BottomAppBarDefaults.exitAlwaysScrollBehavior()
   ) {
     Row(
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/components/KiwixAppBar.kt b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/components/KiwixAppBar.kt
index 59eead867..710c896d3 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/components/KiwixAppBar.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/components/KiwixAppBar.kt
@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@
 
 package org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.components
 
+import androidx.compose.foundation.clickable
 import androidx.compose.foundation.isSystemInDarkTheme
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
+import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Column
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Row
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.WindowInsets
 import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.WindowInsetsSides
@@ -135,44 +137,13 @@ private fun AppBarTitle(
   )
 }
 
-@Suppress("LongMethod")
 @Composable
 private fun ActionMenu(actionMenuItems: List<ActionMenuItem>) {
   var overflowExpanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
 
   Row {
     val (mainActions, overflowActions) = actionMenuItems.partition { !it.isInOverflow }
-    mainActions.forEach { menuItem ->
-      val modifier = menuItem.modifier.testTag(menuItem.testingTag)
-      // If icon is not null show the icon.
-      menuItem.icon?.let {
-        IconButton(
-          enabled = menuItem.isEnabled,
-          onClick = menuItem.onClick,
-          modifier = modifier
-        ) {
-          Icon(
-            painter = it.toPainter(),
-            contentDescription = stringResource(menuItem.contentDescription),
-            tint = if (menuItem.isEnabled) menuItem.iconTint else Color.Gray
-          )
-        }
-      } ?: run {
-        // Else show the textView button in menuItem.
-        TextButton(
-          enabled = menuItem.isEnabled,
-          onClick = menuItem.onClick,
-          modifier = modifier
-        ) {
-          Text(
-            text = menuItem.iconButtonText.uppercase(),
-            color = if (menuItem.isEnabled) Color.White else Color.Gray,
-            maxLines = 1,
-            overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis,
-          )
-        }
-      }
-    }
+    MainMenuItems(mainActions)
     if (overflowActions.isNotEmpty()) {
       IconButton(onClick = { overflowExpanded = true }) {
         Icon(
@@ -182,22 +153,77 @@ private fun ActionMenu(actionMenuItems: List<ActionMenuItem>) {
         )
       }
     }
-    DropdownMenu(
-      expanded = overflowExpanded,
-      onDismissRequest = { overflowExpanded = false }
-    ) {
-      overflowActions.forEach { menuItem ->
-        DropdownMenuItem(
-          text = {
-            Text(text = menuItem.iconButtonText)
-          },
-          onClick = {
-            overflowExpanded = false
-            menuItem.onClick()
-          },
-          enabled = menuItem.isEnabled
-        )
+    OverflowMenuItems(overflowExpanded, overflowActions) { overflowExpanded = false }
+  }
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun MainMenuItems(mainActions: List<ActionMenuItem>) {
+  mainActions.forEach { menuItem ->
+    val modifier = menuItem.modifier.testTag(menuItem.testingTag)
+
+    menuItem.customView?.let { customComposable ->
+      Box(modifier = modifier.clickable(enabled = menuItem.isEnabled) { menuItem.onClick() }) {
+        customComposable()
       }
+    } ?: run {
+      menuItem.icon?.let { iconItem ->
+        IconButton(
+          enabled = menuItem.isEnabled,
+          onClick = menuItem.onClick,
+          modifier = modifier
+        ) {
+          Icon(
+            painter = iconItem.toPainter(),
+            contentDescription = stringResource(menuItem.contentDescription),
+            tint = if (menuItem.isEnabled) menuItem.iconTint else Color.Gray
+          )
+        }
+      } ?: run {
+        TextButton(
+          enabled = menuItem.isEnabled,
+          onClick = menuItem.onClick,
+          modifier = modifier
+        ) {
+          Text(
+            text = menuItem.iconButtonText.uppercase(),
+            color = if (menuItem.isEnabled) Color.White else Color.Gray,
+            maxLines = 1,
+            overflow = TextOverflow.Ellipsis
+          )
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+@Composable
+private fun OverflowMenuItems(
+  overflowExpanded: Boolean,
+  overflowActions: List<ActionMenuItem>,
+  onDismiss: () -> Unit
+) {
+  DropdownMenu(
+    expanded = overflowExpanded,
+    onDismissRequest = onDismiss
+  ) {
+    overflowActions.forEachIndexed { index, menuItem ->
+      DropdownMenuItem(
+        text = {
+          Column {
+            Text(
+              text = menuItem.iconButtonText.ifEmpty {
+                stringResource(id = menuItem.contentDescription)
+              }
+            )
+          }
+        },
+        onClick = {
+          onDismiss()
+          menuItem.onClick()
+        },
+        enabled = menuItem.isEnabled
+      )
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/models/ActionMenuItem.kt b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/models/ActionMenuItem.kt
index ae5b7ea0f..4c9fa935e 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/models/ActionMenuItem.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/ui/models/ActionMenuItem.kt
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 package org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.models
 
 import androidx.annotation.StringRes
+import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
 import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
 import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
 import org.kiwix.kiwixmobile.core.ui.theme.White
@@ -32,5 +33,6 @@ data class ActionMenuItem(
   val iconButtonText: String = "",
   val testingTag: String,
   val modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
-  val isInOverflow: Boolean = false
+  val isInOverflow: Boolean = false,
+  val customView: (@Composable () -> Unit)? = null
 )
diff --git a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/utils/ComposeDimens.kt b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/utils/ComposeDimens.kt
index 8529c2a14..2c81cff90 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/utils/ComposeDimens.kt
+++ b/core/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/core/utils/ComposeDimens.kt
@@ -185,4 +185,6 @@ object ComposeDimens {
   val READER_BOTTOM_APP_BAR_BUTTON_ICON_SIZE = 30.dp
   const val TTS_BUTTONS_CONTROL_ALPHA = 0.6f
   val CLOSE_ALL_TAB_BUTTON_BOTTOM_PADDING = 24.dp
+  val TAB_SWITCHER_TEXT_SIZE = 12.sp
+  const val TAB_SWITCHER_CORNER_RADIUS = 10
 }
diff --git a/custom/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/custom/main/CustomReaderFragment.kt b/custom/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/custom/main/CustomReaderFragment.kt
index c79ce3c82..77d79383c 100644
--- a/custom/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/custom/main/CustomReaderFragment.kt
+++ b/custom/src/main/java/org/kiwix/kiwixmobile/custom/main/CustomReaderFragment.kt
@@ -308,9 +308,10 @@ class CustomReaderFragment : CoreReaderFragment() {
    * provided configuration. It takes into account whether read aloud and tabs are enabled or disabled
    * and creates the menu accordingly.
    */
-  override fun createMainMenu(menu: Menu?): ReaderMenuState? =
+  override fun createMainMenu(): ReaderMenuState =
     ReaderMenuState(
       this,
+      isUrlValidInitially = urlIsValid(),
       disableReadAloud = BuildConfig.DISABLE_READ_ALOUD,
       disableTabs = BuildConfig.DISABLE_TABS,
       disableSearch = BuildConfig.DISABLE_TITLE