diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 15064da8..2d2a4e17 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 * FEATURE: (Experimental) PWA is paritcipating in File Handling API origin trial
 * FIX: Bug which failed to detect images correctly in a new tab
+* FIX: Touch-zoom of contents of iframe no longer blanks part of the display
+* FIX: Broken zoom of contents of iframe (with UI buttons) in Internet Explorer
 
 ## Release 1.4.2
 
diff --git a/www/index.html b/www/index.html
index 30680b6c..e40a8804 100644
--- a/www/index.html
+++ b/www/index.html
@@ -125,6 +125,8 @@
                             <li>Improve handover from local code to PWA code in UWP app to prevent rogue error message</li>
                             <li>Improve page composition timing for non-MS browsers</li>
                             <li>Fix bug which failed to detect images correctly in new tab</li>
+                            <li>Touch-zoom of contents of iframe no longer blanks part of the display</li>
+                            <li>Fixed broken zoom of contents of iframe (with UI buttons) in Internet Explorer</li>
                         </ul>
                         <p><a href="https://github.com/kiwix/kiwix-js-windows/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md" target="_blank">Full changelog...<img src="I/s/Icon_External_Link.png"></a></p>
                     </div>
@@ -830,7 +832,7 @@
             <!-- Bootstrap alert box -->
             <div id="alertBoxHeader" style="text-align: center; position: relative; z-index: 1; display: none;"></div>
             <!-- Attribute nwdisable prevents scripts in iframe accessing the nwjs node APIs -->
-            <iframe id="articleContent" class="articleIFrame" nwdisable></iframe>
+            <iframe id="articleContent" class="articleIFrame" style="touch-action:none" nwdisable></iframe>
         </article>
         <footer id="footer">
             <!-- Bootstrap alert box -->
diff --git a/www/js/app.js b/www/js/app.js
index 3ba883ed..ec01d54f 100644
--- a/www/js/app.js
+++ b/www/js/app.js
@@ -86,8 +86,9 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
             header.style.transform = 'translateY(0)';
             document.getElementById('footer').style.transform = 'translateY(0)';
             iframe.style.transform = 'translateY(-1px)';
-            //iframe.style.height = window.innerHeight - navbarHeight + "px";
-            iframe.style.height = window.innerHeight + 'px';
+            // iframe.style.height = window.innerHeight + 'px';
+            // DEV: if we set the iframe with clientHeight, then it takes into account any zoom
+            iframe.style.height = document.documentElement.clientHeight + 'px';
 
             //Re-enable top-level scrolling
             scrollbox.style.height = window.innerHeight - navbarHeight + 'px';
@@ -127,7 +128,10 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
             }
             checkToolbar();
         }
-        $(document).ready(resizeIFrame);
+        $(document).ready(function() {
+            resizeIFrame();
+            // uiUtil.initTouchZoom();
+        });
         $(window).resize(function () {
             resizeIFrame();
             // We need to load any images exposed by the resize
@@ -605,14 +609,16 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
             params.relativeFontSize += 5;
             var doc = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
             var docElStyle = doc.documentElement.style;
-            var zoomProp = 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize';
+            // IE11 and Firefox need to use fontSize on the body style
+            var zoomProp = '-ms-zoom' in docElStyle ? 'fontSize' : 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
             docElStyle = zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? doc.body.style : docElStyle; 
             docElStyle[zoomProp] = /-\/static\/main\.css/.test(doc.head.innerHTML) && zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? params.relativeFontSize * 1.5 + "%" : params.relativeFontSize + "%";
-            document.getElementById('lblZoom').innerHTML = params.relativeFontSize + "%";
-            document.getElementById('lblZoom').style = "position:absolute;right: " + window.innerWidth / 5 + "px;bottom:50px;z-index:50;";
+            var lblZoom = document.getElementById('lblZoom');
+            lblZoom.innerHTML = params.relativeFontSize + "%";
+            lblZoom.style.cssText = "position:absolute;right:" + window.innerWidth / 5 + "px;bottom:50px;z-index:50;";
             setTimeout(function () {
-                document.getElementById('lblZoom').innerHTML = "";
-            }, 1000);
+                lblZoom.innerHTML = "";
+            }, 2000);
             settingsStore.setItem('relativeFontSize', params.relativeFontSize, Infinity);
             document.getElementById('articleContent').contentWindow.focus();
         });
@@ -620,14 +626,15 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
             params.relativeFontSize -= 5;
             var doc = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
             var docElStyle = doc.documentElement.style;
-            var zoomProp = 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
+            var zoomProp = '-ms-zoom' in docElStyle ? 'fontSize' : 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
             docElStyle = zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? doc.body.style : docElStyle; 
             docElStyle[zoomProp] = /-\/static\/main\.css/.test(doc.head.innerHTML) && zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? params.relativeFontSize * 1.5 + "%" : params.relativeFontSize + "%";
-            document.getElementById('lblZoom').innerHTML = params.relativeFontSize + "%";
-            document.getElementById('lblZoom').style = "position:absolute;right: " + window.innerWidth / 4 + "px;bottom:50px;z-index:50;";
+            var lblZoom = document.getElementById('lblZoom');
+            lblZoom.innerHTML = params.relativeFontSize + "%";
+            lblZoom.style.cssText = "position:absolute;right:" + window.innerWidth / 4 + "px;bottom:50px;z-index:50;";
             setTimeout(function () {
-                document.getElementById('lblZoom').innerHTML = "";
-            }, 1000);
+                lblZoom.innerHTML = "";
+            }, 2000);
             settingsStore.setItem('relativeFontSize', params.relativeFontSize, Infinity);
             document.getElementById('articleContent').contentWindow.focus();
         });
@@ -1260,7 +1267,7 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
             footerDim = footer.getBoundingClientRect();
             var doc = iframe.contentDocument ? iframe.contentDocument.documentElement : null;
             header.style.transition = "transform 500ms";
-            iframe.style.transition = "transform 500ms";
+            // iframe.style.transition = "transform 500ms";
             if (doc) doc.style.transition = "transform 500ms";
             footer.style.transition = "transform 500ms";
             iframe.style.zIndex = 0;
@@ -3138,9 +3145,10 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
                 zimType = /-\/static\/main\.css/i.test(doc.head.innerHTML) ? "desktop-stx" : zimType; //Support stackexchange
                 zimType = /minerva|mobile[^"']*\.css/i.test(doc.head.innerHTML) ? "mobile" : zimType;
                 var docElStyle = articleDocument.style;
-                var zoomProp = 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
+                var zoomProp = '-ms-zoom' in docElStyle ? 'fontSize' : 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
                 docElStyle = zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? docBody.style : docElStyle; 
                 docElStyle[zoomProp] = ~zimType.indexOf("stx") && zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? params.relativeFontSize * 1.5 + "%" : params.relativeFontSize + "%";
+                if (appstate.target === 'iframe') uiUtil.initTouchZoom(articleDocument, docBody);
                 checkToolbar();
                 //Set page width according to user preference
                 removePageMaxWidth();
@@ -3796,13 +3804,14 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
                     }
                     //Set relative font size + Stackexchange-family multiplier
                     var docElStyle = articleDocument.style;
-                    var zoomProp = 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
+                    var zoomProp = '-ms-zoom' in docElStyle ? 'fontSize' : 'zoom' in docElStyle ? 'zoom' : 'fontSize'; 
                     docElStyle = zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? docBody.style : docElStyle;
                     docElStyle[zoomProp] = ~zimType.indexOf("stx") && zoomProp === 'fontSize' ? params.relativeFontSize * 1.5 + "%" : params.relativeFontSize + "%";
                     //Set page width according to user preference
                     removePageMaxWidth();
                     setupHeadings();
                     listenForNavigationKeys();
+                    if (appstate.target === 'iframe') uiUtil.initTouchZoom(articleDocument, docBody);
                     // Process endnote references (so they open the reference block if closed)
                     var refs = docBody.getElementsByClassName("mw-reflink-text");
                     if (refs) {
@@ -4230,7 +4239,9 @@ define(['jquery', 'zimArchiveLoader', 'uiUtil', 'util', 'cache', 'images', 'sett
                 var event = e;
                 // The link will be clicked if the user long-presses for more than 800ms (if the option is enabled)
                 setTimeout(function () {
-                    if (!a.touched || a.newcontainer) return;
+                    // DEV: appstate.startVector indicates that the app is processing a touch zoom event, so we cancel any new windows
+                    // see uiUtil.pointermove_handler
+                    if (!a.touched || a.newcontainer || appstate.startVector) return;
                     e.preventDefault();
                     a.newcontainer = true;
                     onDetectedClick(event);
diff --git a/www/js/lib/uiUtil.js b/www/js/lib/uiUtil.js
index aebeaee7..6e1c264d 100644
--- a/www/js/lib/uiUtil.js
+++ b/www/js/lib/uiUtil.js
@@ -1,656 +1,758 @@
-/**
- * uiUtil.js : Utility functions for the User Interface
- * 
- * Copyright 2013-2020 Mossroy and contributors
- * License GPL v3:
- * 
- * This file is part of Kiwix.
- * 
- * Kiwix is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- * 
- * Kiwix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
- * GNU General Public License for more details.
- * 
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- * along with Kiwix (file LICENSE-GPLv3.txt).  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
- */
-'use strict';
-
-// DEV: Put your RequireJS definition in the rqDef array below, and any function exports in the function parenthesis of the define statement
-// We need to do it this way in order to load WebP polyfills conditionally. The WebP polyfills are only needed by a few old browsers, so loading them
-// only if needed saves approximately 1MB of memory.
-var rqDef = [];
-
-// Add WebP polyfill only if webpHero was loaded in init.js
-if (webpMachine) {
-    rqDef.push('webpHeroBundle');
-}
-
-define(rqDef, function() {
-
-    /**
-     * Global variables
-     */
-    var itemsCount = false;
-    
-    /**
-     * Creates either a blob: or data: URI from the given content
-     * The given attribute of the DOM node (nodeAttribute) is then set to this URI
-     * 
-     * This is used to inject images (and other dependencies) into the article DOM
-     * 
-     * @param {Object} node The node to which the URI should be added
-     * @param {String} nodeAttribute The attribute to set to the URI
-     * @param {Uint8Array} content The binary content to convert to a URI
-     * @param {String} mimeType The MIME type of the content
-     * @param {Boolean} makeDataURI If true, make a data: URI instead of a blob URL
-     * @param {Function} callback An optional function to call with the URI
-     */
-    function feedNodeWithBlob(node, nodeAttribute, content, mimeType, makeDataURI, callback) {
-        // Decode WebP data if the browser does not support WebP and the mimeType is webp 
-        if (webpMachine && /image\/webp/i.test(mimeType)) {
-            // DEV: Note that webpMachine is single threaded and will reject an image if it is busy
-            // However, the loadImagesJQuery() function in app.js is sequential (it waits for a callback
-            // before processing another image) so we do not need to queue WebP images here
-            webpMachine.decode(content).then(function (uri) {
-                // DEV: WebpMachine.decode() returns a data: URI
-                // We callback before the node is set so that we don't incur slow DOM rewrites before processing more images
-                if (callback) callback(uri);
-                node.setAttribute(nodeAttribute, uri);
-            }).catch(function (err) {
-                console.error('There was an error decoding image in WebpMachine', err);
-                if (callback) callback();
-            });
-        } else {
-            var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mimeType });
-            var url;
-            if (makeDataURI) {
-                // Because btoa fails on utf8 strings (in SVGs, for example) we need to use FileReader method
-                // See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowBase64/Base64_encoding_and_decoding#The_Unicode_Problem
-                // url = 'data:' + mimeType + ';base64,' + btoa(util.uintToString(content));
-                var myReader = new FileReader();
-                myReader.onloadend = function () {
-                    url = myReader.result;
-                    node.setAttribute(nodeAttribute, url);
-                    if (callback) callback(url);
-                };
-                myReader.readAsDataURL(blob);
-            } else {
-                blob = new Blob([content], {
-                    type: mimeType
-                });
-            // Establish the current window (avoids having to pass it to this function)
-                var docWindow = node.ownerDocument.defaultView || node.ownerDocument.parentWindow || window;
-                url = docWindow.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
-                if (callback) callback(url);
-                node.addEventListener('load', function () {
-                    URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
-                });
-                node.setAttribute(nodeAttribute, url);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-        
-    var regexpRemoveUrlParameters = new RegExp(/([^\?]+)\?.*$/);
-    
-    function removeUrlParameters(url) {
-        if (regexpRemoveUrlParameters.test(url)) {
-            return regexpRemoveUrlParameters.exec(url)[1];
-        } else {
-            return url;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Transforms an asset (script or link) element string into a usable element containing the given content or a BLOB
-    // reference to the content
-    function createNewAssetElement(assetElement, attribute, content) {
-        var tag = assetElement.match(/^<([^\s]+)/)[1];
-        var regexpMatchAttr = new RegExp(attribute + '=["\']\\s*([^"\'\\s]+)');
-        var attrUri = assetElement.match(regexpMatchAttr);
-        attrUri = attrUri ? attrUri[1] : '';
-        var mimetype = /type=["']\s*([^"'\s]+)/.exec(assetElement);
-        mimetype = mimetype ? mimetype[1] : '';
-        var newAsset;
-        if (tag === 'link') {
-            // We use inline style replacements in this case for compatibility with FFOS
-            // If FFOS is no longer supported, we could use the more generic BLOB replacement below
-            mimetype = mimetype ? mimetype : 'text/css';
-            newAsset = '<style data-kiwixsrc="' + attrUri + '" type="' + mimetype + '">' + content + '</style>';
-        } else {
-            mimetype = mimetype ? mimetype : tag === 'script' ? 'text/javascript' : '';
-            var assetBlob = new Blob([content], { type: mimetype });
-            var assetUri = URL.createObjectURL(assetBlob);
-            var refAttribute = tag === 'script' ? 'src' : 'href';
-            newAsset = assetElement.replace(attribute, refAttribute);
-            newAsset = newAsset.replace(attrUri, assetUri);
-            newAsset = newAsset.replace(/>/, ' data-kiwixsrc="' + attrUri + '">');
-        }
-        return newAsset;
-    }
-
-    function TableOfContents(articleDoc) {
-        this.doc = articleDoc;
-        this.headings = this.doc.querySelectorAll("h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6");
-
-        this.getHeadingObjects = function () {
-            var headings = [];
-            for (var i = 0; i < this.headings.length; i++) {
-                var element = this.headings[i];
-                var obj = {};
-                obj.id = element.id;
-                var objectId = element.innerHTML.match(/\bid\s*=\s*["']\s*([^"']+?)\s*["']/i);
-                obj.id = obj.id ? obj.id : objectId && objectId.length > 1 ? objectId[1] : "";
-                obj.index = i;
-                obj.textContent = element.textContent;
-                obj.tagName = element.tagName;
-                headings.push(obj);
-            }
-            return headings;
-        };
-    }
-
-    function makeReturnLink(title) {
-        //Abbreviate title if necessary
-        var shortTitle = title.substring(0, 25);
-        shortTitle = shortTitle == title ? shortTitle : shortTitle + "..."; 
-        var link = '<h4 style="font-size:' + ~~(params.relativeUIFontSize * 1.4 * 0.14) + 'px;"><a href="#">&lt;&lt; Return to ' + shortTitle + '</a></h4>';
-        var rtnFunction = "(function () { setTab(); \
-            if (params.themeChanged) { \
-                params.themeChanged = false; \
-                if (history.state !== null) {  \
-                    var thisURL = decodeURIComponent(history.state.title); \
-                    goToArticle(thisURL); \
-                } \
-            } \
-        })";
-        var returnDivs = document.getElementsByClassName("returntoArticle");
-        for (var i = 0; i < returnDivs.length; i++) {
-            returnDivs[i].innerHTML = link;
-        }
-        return rtnFunction;
-    }
-
-    function poll(msg) {
-        document.getElementById('searchingArticles').style.display = 'block';
-        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').innerHTML = msg;
-        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').style.display = 'block';
-    }
-
-    function clear() {
-        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').innerHTML = '';
-        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').style.display = 'none';
-    }
-
-    function printCustomElements() {
-        //var innerDocument = window.frames[0].frameElement.contentDocument;
-        var innerDocument = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
-        //Add any missing classes
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(class\s*=\s*["'][^"']*vcard\b[^>]+>\s*<span)>/ig, '$1 class="map-pin">');
-        // Remove encapsulated External Links
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"externalLinks"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]external_links['"])/i, '$1 class="externalLinks" $2');
-        // This is the best we can do for removing External Links if its not encapsulated
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<(?:h2|span)\b[^<]+external_links(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>|\/details>))+?<ul\s*(?!class="externalLinks"))/i, '$1 class="externalLinks" ');
-        // Further Reading
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"furtherReading"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]further_reading['"])/i, '$1 class="furtherReading" $2');
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<(?:h2|span)\b[^<]+further_reading(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>|\/details>))+?<ul\s*(?!class="furtherReading"))/i, '$1 class="furtherReading" ');
-        // See Also
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"seeAlso"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]see_also['"])/i, '$1 class="seeAlso" $2');
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<(?:h2|span)\b[^<]+see_also(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>|\/details>))+?<ul\s*(?!class="seeAlso"))/i, '$1 class="seeAlso" ');
-        // References (this is for details-summary ZIMs only: it gets rid of the title)
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"zimReferences"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]references['"])/i, '$1 class="zimReferences" $2');
-        // Sources (this is for details-summary ZIMs only: it gets rid of the title)
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"zimSources"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]sources['"])/i, '$1 class="zimSources" $2');
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<div\s+)([^>]+>\s+This article is issued from)/i, '$1class="copyLeft" $2');
-        // Remove openInTab div (we can't do this using DOM methods because it aborts code spawned from onclick event)
-        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/<div\s(?=[^<]+?openInTab)(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>))+<\/div>\s*/, '');
-
-        // Using @media print on images doesn't get rid of them all, so use brute force
-        if (!document.getElementById("printImageCheck").checked)
-            innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/<img\b[^>]*>\s*/ig, '');
-        var printOptions = innerDocument.getElementById("printOptions");
-        //If there is no printOptions style block in the iframe, create it
-        if (!printOptions) {
-            var printStyle = innerDocument.createElement("style");
-            printStyle.id = "printOptions";
-            innerDocument.head.appendChild(printStyle);
-            printOptions = innerDocument.getElementById("printOptions");
-        }
-        var printStyleInnerHTML = "@media print { ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printNavBoxCheck").checked ? "" : ".navbox, .vertical-navbox { display: none; } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printEndNoteCheck").checked ? "" : ".reflist, div[class*=references], .zimReferences, .zimSources { display: none; } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("externalLinkCheck").checked ? "" : ".externalLinks, .furtherReading { display: none; } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("seeAlsoLinkCheck").checked ? "" : ".seeAlso { display: none; } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printInfoboxCheck").checked ? "" : ".mw-stack, .infobox, .infobox_v2, .infobox_v3, .qbRight, .qbRightDiv, .wv-quickbar, .wikitable { display: none; } ";
-        // printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printImageCheck").checked ? "" : "img, .gallery { display: none; } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += ".copyLeft { display: none } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += ".map-pin { display: none } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += ".external { padding-right: 0 !important } ";
-        var sliderVal = document.getElementById("documentZoomSlider").value;
-        sliderVal = ~~sliderVal;
-        sliderVal = Math.floor(sliderVal * (Math.max(window.screen.width, window.screen.height) / 1440));
-        printStyleInnerHTML += "body { font-size: " + sliderVal + "% !important; } ";
-        printStyleInnerHTML += "}";
-        printOptions.innerHTML = printStyleInnerHTML;
-
-    }
-
-    function downloadBlobUWP(blob, filename, message) {
-        // Copy BLOB to downloads folder and launch from there in Edge
-        // First create an empty file in the folder
-        Windows.Storage.DownloadsFolder.createFileAsync(filename, Windows.Storage.CreationCollisionOption.generateUniqueName)
-        .then(function (file) {
-            // Open the returned dummy file in order to copy the data into it
-            file.openAsync(Windows.Storage.FileAccessMode.readWrite).then(function (output) {
-                // Get the InputStream stream from the blob object 
-                var input = blob.msDetachStream();
-                // Copy the stream from the blob to the File stream 
-                Windows.Storage.Streams.RandomAccessStream.copyAsync(input, output).then(function () {
-                    output.flushAsync().done(function () {
-                        input.close();
-                        output.close();
-                        // Finally, tell the system to open the file if it's not a subtitle file
-                        if (!/\.(?:ttml|ssa|ass|srt|idx|sub|vtt)$/i.test(filename)) Windows.System.Launcher.launchFileAsync(file);
-                        if (file.isAvailable) {
-                            var fileLink = file.path.replace(/\\/g, '/');
-                            fileLink = fileLink.replace(/^([^:]+:\/(?:[^/]+\/)*)(.*)/, function (p0, p1, p2) {
-                                return 'file:///' + p1 + encodeURIComponent(p2);
-                            });
-                            if (message) message.innerHTML = '<strong>Download:</strong> Your file was saved as <a href="' +
-                                fileLink + '" target="_blank" class="alert-link">' + file.path + '</a>';
-                            //window.open(fileLink, null, "msHideView=no");
-                        }
-                    });
-                });
-            });
-        }); 
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Derives the URL.pathname from a relative or semi-relative URL using the given base ZIM URL
-     * 
-     * @param {String} url The (URI-encoded) URL to convert (e.g. "Einstein", "../Einstein",
-     *      "../../I/im%C3%A1gen.png", "-/s/style.css", "/A/Einstein.html", "../static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css")
-     * @param {String} base The base ZIM URL of the currently loaded article (e.g. "A/", "A/subdir1/subdir2/", "C/Singapore/")
-     * @returns {String} The derived ZIM URL in decoded form (e.g. "A/Einstein", "I/imágen.png", "C/")
-     */
-    function deriveZimUrlFromRelativeUrl(url, base) {
-        // We use a dummy domain because URL API requires a valid URI
-        var dummy = 'http://d/';
-        var deriveZimUrl = function (url, base) {
-            if (typeof URL === 'function') return new URL(url, base);
-            // IE11 lacks URL API: workaround adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/28183162/9727685
-            var d = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument('t');
-            d.head.innerHTML = '<base href="' + base + '">';
-            var a = d.createElement('a');
-            a.href = url;
-            return { pathname: a.href.replace(dummy, '') };
-        };
-        var zimUrl = deriveZimUrl(url, dummy + base);
-        return decodeURIComponent(zimUrl.pathname.replace(/^\//, ''));
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Walk up the DOM tree to find the closest element where the tagname matches the supplied regular expression
-     * 
-     * @param {Element} el The starting DOM element
-     * @param {RegExp} rgx A regular expression to match the element's tagname
-     * @returns {Element|null} The matching element or null if no match was found
-     */
-    function getClosestMatchForTagname(el, rgx) {
-        do {
-            if (rgx.test(el.tagName)) return el;
-            el = el.parentElement || el.parentNode;
-        } while (el !== null && el.nodeType === 1);
-        return null;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Displays a Bootstrap warning alert with information about how to access content in a ZIM with unsupported active UI
-     */
-    function displayActiveContentWarning() {
-        // We have to add the alert box in code, because Bootstrap removes it completely from the DOM when the user dismisses it
-        var alertHTML =
-            '<div id="activeContent" class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissible fade in" style="margin-bottom: 0;">' +
-                '<a href="#" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="close">&times;</a>' +
-                '<strong>Unable to display active content:</strong> To use Archive Index <b><i>type a space</b></i> in the box above, or else ' +
-                '<a id="swModeLink" href="#contentInjectionModeDiv" class="alert-link">switch to Service Worker mode</a> ' +
-                'if your platform supports it. &nbsp;[<a id="stop" href="#displaySettingsDiv" class="alert-link">Permanently hide</a>]' +
-            '</div>';
-        var alertBoxHeader = document.getElementById('alertBoxHeader');
-        alertBoxHeader.innerHTML = alertHTML;
-        alertBoxHeader.style.display = 'block';
-        ['swModeLink', 'stop'].forEach(function(id) {
-            // Define event listeners for both hyperlinks in alert box: these take the user to the Config tab and highlight
-            // the options that the user needs to select
-            document.getElementById(id).addEventListener('click', function () {
-                var elementID = id === 'stop' ? 'hideActiveContentWarningCheck' : 'serviceworkerModeRadio';
-                var thisLabel = document.getElementById(elementID).parentNode;
-                thisLabel.style.borderColor = 'red';
-                thisLabel.style.borderStyle = 'solid';
-                var btnHome = document.getElementById('btnHome');
-                [thisLabel, btnHome].forEach(function (ele) {
-                    // Define event listeners to cancel the highlighting both on the highlighted element and on the Home tab
-                    ele.addEventListener('mousedown', function () {
-                        thisLabel.style.borderColor = '';
-                        thisLabel.style.borderStyle = '';
-                    });
-                });
-                alertBoxHeader.style.display = 'none';
-                document.getElementById('btnConfigure').click();
-            });
-        });
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Displays a Bootstrap alert box at the foot of the page to enable saving the content of the given title to the device's filesystem
-     * and initiates download/save process if this is supported by the OS or Browser
-     * 
-     * @param {String} title The path and filename to the file to be extracted
-     * @param {Boolean|String} download A Bolean value that will trigger download of title, or the filename that should
-     *     be used to save the file in local FS
-     * @param {String} contentType The mimetype of the downloadable file, if known
-     * @param {Uint8Array} content The binary-format content of the downloadable file
-     * @param {Boolean} autoDismiss If true, dismiss the alert programmatically
-     */
-    function displayFileDownloadAlert(title, download, contentType, content, autoDismiss) {
-        // We have to create the alert box in code, because Bootstrap removes it completely from the DOM when the user dismisses it
-            document.getElementById('alertBoxFooter').innerHTML =
-                '<div id="downloadAlert" class="alert alert-info alert-dismissible">' +
-                '    <a href="#" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="close">&times;</a>' +
-                '    <span id="alertMessage"></span>' +
-                '</div>';
-        // Download code adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/19230668/9727685 
-        if (!contentType) {
-            // DEV: Add more contentTypes here for downloadable files
-            if (/\.epub$/.test(title)) contentType = 'application/epub+zip';
-            if (/\.pdf$/.test(title)) contentType = 'application/pdf';
-            if (/\.zip$/.test(title)) contentType = 'application/zip';
-        }
-        // Set default contentType if there has been no match
-        if (!contentType) contentType = 'application/octet-stream';
-        var a = document.createElement('a');
-        var blob = new Blob([content], { 'type': contentType });
-        // If the filename to use for saving has not been specified, construct it from title
-        var filename = download === true ? title.replace(/^.*\/([^\/]+)$/, '$1') : download;
-        // Make filename safe
-        filename = filename.replace(/[\/\\:*?"<>|]/g, '_');
-        a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
-        a.target = '_blank';
-        a.type = contentType;
-        // if (typeof window.fs === 'undefined') a.download = filename;
-        a.classList.add('alert-link');
-        a.innerHTML = filename;
-        var alertMessage = document.getElementById('alertMessage');
-        alertMessage.innerHTML = '<strong>Download</strong> If the download does not start, please tap the following link: ';
-        // We have to add the anchor to a UI element for Firefox to be able to click it programmatically: see https://stackoverflow.com/a/27280611/9727685
-        alertMessage.appendChild(a);
-        try {
-            a.click();
-            // Following line should run only if there was no error, leaving the alert showing in case of error
-            if (autoDismiss) $('#downloadAlert').alert('close');
-            return;
-        }
-        catch (err) {
-            // Edge will error out unless there is a download added but Chrome works better without the attribute
-            a.download = filename;
-        }
-        try {
-            a.click();
-            // Following line should run only if there was no error, leaving the alert showing in case of error
-            if (autoDismiss) $('#downloadAlert').alert('close');
-        }
-        catch (err) {
-            // If the click fails, user may be able to download by manually clicking the link
-            // But for IE11 we need to force use of the saveBlob method with the onclick event 
-            if (window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveBlob) {
-                a.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
-                    window.navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, filename);
-                    e.preventDefault();
-                });
-            } else {
-                // And try to launch through UWP download
-                if (Windows && Windows.Storage) {
-                    downloadBlobUWP(blob, filename, alertMessage);
-                    if (autoDismiss) $('#downloadAlert').alert('close');
-                } else {
-                    // Last gasp attempt to open automatically
-                    window.open(a.href);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Initiates XMLHttpRequest
-     * Can be used for loading local files; CSP may restrict access to remote files due to CORS
-     *
-     * @param {URL} url The Uniform Resource Locator to be read
-     * @param {String} responseType The response type to return (arraybuffer|blob|document|json|text);
-     *     (passing an empty or null string defaults to text)
-     * @param {Function} callback The function to call with the result: data, mimetype, and status or error code
-     */
-    function XHR(url, responseType, callback) {
-        var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
-        xhr.onreadystatechange = function (e) {
-            if (this.readyState == 4) {
-                callback(this.response, this.response.type, this.status);
-            }
-        };
-        var err = false;
-        try {
-            xhr.open('GET', url, true);
-            if (responseType) xhr.responseType = responseType;
-        }
-        catch (e) {
-            console.log("Exception during GET request: " + e);
-            err = true;
-        }
-        if (!err) {
-            xhr.send();
-        } else {
-            callback("Error", null, 500);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Inserts a link to break the article out to a new browser tab
-     * 
-     * @param {String} mode The app mode to use for the breakoutLink icon (light|dark)
-     */
-    function insertBreakoutLink(mode) {
-        var desc = "Open article in new tab or window";
-        var iframe = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
-        // This code provides an absolute link, removing the file and any query string from href (we need this because of SW mode)
-        var prefix = (window.location.protocol + '//' + window.location.host + window.location.pathname).replace(/\/[^/]*$/, '');
-        var div = document.createElement('div');
-        div.style.cssText = 'top: 10px; right: 25px; position: relative; z-index: 2; float: right;';
-        div.id = "openInTab";
-        div.innerHTML = '<a href="#"><img id="breakoutLink" src="' + prefix + '/img/icons/' + (mode == 'light' ? 'new_window.svg' : 'new_window_lb.svg') + '" width="30" height="30" alt="' + desc + '" title="' + desc + '"></a>';
-        iframe.body.insertBefore(div, iframe.body.firstChild);
-        var openInTab = iframe.getElementById('openInTab');
-        // Have to use jQuery here becasue e.preventDefault is not working properly in some browsers
-        $(openInTab).on('click', function() {
-            itemsCount = false;
-            params.preloadingAllImages = false;
-            extractHTML();
-            return false;
-        });
-    }
-    
-    /**
-     * Extracts self-contained HTML from the iframe DOM, transforming BLOB references to dataURIs
-     */
-    function extractHTML() {
-        if (params.preloadingAllImages !== true) {
-            params.preloadAllImages();
-            return;
-        }
-        var iframe = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
-        // Store the html for the head section, to restore later (in SW mode, stylesheets will be transformed to dataURI links,
-        // which only work from file:/// URL, due to CORS, so they have to be restored)
-        var headHtml = iframe.head.innerHTML;
-        var title = iframe.title;
-        if (itemsCount === false) {
-            // Establish the source items that need to be extracted to self-contained URIs
-            // DEV: Add any further sources to the querySelector below
-            var items = iframe.querySelectorAll('img[src],link[href][rel="stylesheet"]');
-            itemsCount = items.length;
-            Array.prototype.slice.call(items).forEach(function (item) {
-                // Extract the BLOB itself from the URL (even if it's a blob: URL)                    
-                var itemUrl = item.href || item.src;
-                XHR(itemUrl, 'blob', function (response, mimetype, status) {
-                    if (status == 500) { 
-                        itemsCount--;
-                        return;
-                    }
-                    // Pure SVG images may be missing the mimetype
-                    if (!mimetype) mimetype = /\.svg$/i.test(itemUrl) ? 'image/svg+xml' : '';
-                    // Now read the data from the extracted blob
-                    var myReader = new FileReader();
-                    myReader.addEventListener("loadend", function () {
-                        if (myReader.result) {
-                            var dataURL = myReader.result.replace(/data:;/, 'data:' + mimetype + ';');
-                            if (item.href) {
-                                try { item.href = dataURL; }
-                                catch (err) { null; }
-                            }
-                            if (item.src) {
-                                try { item.src = dataURL; }
-                                catch (err) { null; }
-                            }
-                        }
-                        itemsCount--;
-                        if (itemsCount === 0) extractHTML();
-                    });
-                    //Start the reading process.
-                    myReader.readAsDataURL(response);
-                });
-            });
-        }
-        if (itemsCount > 0) return; //Ensures function stops if we are still extracting images or css
-        // Construct filename (forbidden characters will be removed in the download function)
-        var filename = title.replace(/(\.html?)*$/i, '.html');
-        var html = iframe.documentElement.outerHTML;
-        // Remove openInTab div (we can't do this using DOM methods because it aborts code spawned from onclick event)
-        html = html.replace(/<div\s(?=[^<]+?openInTab)(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>))+<\/div>\s*/, '');
-        var blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
-        // We can't use window.open() because pop-up blockers block it, so use explicit BLOB download
-        displayFileDownloadAlert(title, filename, 'text/html', blob, true);
-        // Restore original head section (to restore any transformed stylesheets)
-        iframe.head.innerHTML = headHtml;
-        itemsCount = false;
-        params.preloadingAllImages = false;
-    }
-
-    /** 
-     * Provides system-specific alert function
-     * 
-     * @param {String} message The message to display
-     * @param {String} title The message title
-     * @param {String} btn1 An optional button to display
-     * @param {Function} btn1Func An optional function to run when btn1 is selected
-     * @param {String} btn2 An optional secondary button to display
-     * @param {Function} btn2Func An optional function to run when btn2 is selected
-     */
-    function systemAlert(message, title, btn1, btn1Func, btn2, btn2Func) {
-        // Test for UWP
-        if (typeof Windows !== 'undefined' && typeof Windows.UI !== 'undefined' && typeof Windows.UI.Popups !== 'undefined') {
-            var dialog = new Windows.UI.Popups.MessageDialog(message);
-            if (btn1 && btn1Func) dialog.commands.append(new Windows.UI.Popups.UICommand(btn1, btn1Func));
-            if (btn2 && btn2Func) dialog.commands.append(new Windows.UI.Popups.UICommand(btn2, btn2Func));
-            dialog.showAsync();
-        } else {
-            alert(message);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Checks if a server is accessible by attempting to load a test image from the server
-     * 
-     * @param {String} imageSrc The full URI of the image
-     * @param {any} onSuccess A function to call if the image can be loaded
-     * @param {any} onError A function to call if the image cannot be loaded
-     */
-    function checkServerIsAccessible(imageSrc, onSuccess, onError) {
-        var image = new Image();
-        image.onload = onSuccess;
-        image.onerror = onError;
-        image.src = imageSrc;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Checks whether an element is partially or fully inside the current viewport, and adds the rect.top value to element.top
-     * 
-     * @param {Window} area The Window to check 
-     * @param {Element} el The DOM element for which to check visibility
-     * @param {Boolean} fully If true, checks that the entire element is inside the viewport
-     * @param {Integer} offset An additional bottom (+) or top (-) margin to include in the search window
-     * @returns {Boolean} True if the element is fully or partially inside the current viewport
-     */
-    function isElementInView(area, el, fully, offset) {
-        offset = offset || 0;
-        var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
-        el.top = rect.top;
-        //console.log(el.dataset.kiwixurl + ': ' + rect.top);
-        if (fully)
-            return rect.top > 0 + (offset < 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.bottom < area.innerHeight + (offset > 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.left > 0 && rect.right < area.innerWidth;
-        else 
-            return rect.top < area.innerHeight + (offset > 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.bottom > 0 + (offset < 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.left < area.innerWidth && rect.right > 0;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Encodes the html escape characters in the string before using it as html class name,id etc.
-     * 
-     * @param {String} string The string in which html characters are to be escaped
-     * 
-     */
-    function htmlEscapeChars(string) {
-        var escapechars = {
-            '&': '&amp;',
-            '<': '&lt;',
-            '>': '&gt;',
-            '"': '&quot;',
-            "'": '&#39;',
-            '/': '&#x2F;',
-            '`': '&#x60;',
-            '=': '&#x3D;'
-        };
-        string = String(string).replace(/[&<>"'`=/]/g, function (s) {
-            return escapechars[s];
-        });
-        return string;
-    }
-
-    // If global variable webpMachine was defined, then we need to initialize the WebP Polyfill
-    if (webpMachine) webpMachine = new webpHero.WebpMachine();
-
-    /**
-     * Functions and classes exposed by this module
-     */
-    return {
-        feedNodeWithBlob: feedNodeWithBlob,
-        deriveZimUrlFromRelativeUrl: deriveZimUrlFromRelativeUrl,
-        getClosestMatchForTagname: getClosestMatchForTagname,
-        removeUrlParameters: removeUrlParameters,
-        toc: TableOfContents,
-        isElementInView: isElementInView,
-        makeReturnLink: makeReturnLink,
-        poll: poll,
-        clear: clear,
-        XHR: XHR,
-        printCustomElements: printCustomElements,
-        downloadBlobUWP: downloadBlobUWP,
-        displayActiveContentWarning: displayActiveContentWarning,
-        displayFileDownloadAlert: displayFileDownloadAlert,
-        insertBreakoutLink: insertBreakoutLink,
-        extractHTML: extractHTML,
-        systemAlert: systemAlert,
-        checkServerIsAccessible: checkServerIsAccessible,
-        htmlEscapeChars: htmlEscapeChars
-    };
-});
+/**
+ * uiUtil.js : Utility functions for the User Interface
+ * 
+ * Copyright 2013-2020 Mossroy and contributors
+ * License GPL v3:
+ * 
+ * This file is part of Kiwix.
+ * 
+ * Kiwix is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ * 
+ * Kiwix is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ * 
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with Kiwix (file LICENSE-GPLv3.txt).  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
+ */
+'use strict';
+
+// DEV: Put your RequireJS definition in the rqDef array below, and any function exports in the function parenthesis of the define statement
+// We need to do it this way in order to load WebP polyfills conditionally. The WebP polyfills are only needed by a few old browsers, so loading them
+// only if needed saves approximately 1MB of memory.
+var rqDef = [];
+
+// Add WebP polyfill only if webpHero was loaded in init.js
+if (webpMachine) {
+    rqDef.push('webpHeroBundle');
+}
+
+define(rqDef, function() {
+
+    /**
+     * Global variables
+     */
+    var itemsCount = false;
+    
+    /**
+     * Creates either a blob: or data: URI from the given content
+     * The given attribute of the DOM node (nodeAttribute) is then set to this URI
+     * 
+     * This is used to inject images (and other dependencies) into the article DOM
+     * 
+     * @param {Object} node The node to which the URI should be added
+     * @param {String} nodeAttribute The attribute to set to the URI
+     * @param {Uint8Array} content The binary content to convert to a URI
+     * @param {String} mimeType The MIME type of the content
+     * @param {Boolean} makeDataURI If true, make a data: URI instead of a blob URL
+     * @param {Function} callback An optional function to call with the URI
+     */
+    function feedNodeWithBlob(node, nodeAttribute, content, mimeType, makeDataURI, callback) {
+        // Decode WebP data if the browser does not support WebP and the mimeType is webp 
+        if (webpMachine && /image\/webp/i.test(mimeType)) {
+            // DEV: Note that webpMachine is single threaded and will reject an image if it is busy
+            // However, the loadImagesJQuery() function in app.js is sequential (it waits for a callback
+            // before processing another image) so we do not need to queue WebP images here
+            webpMachine.decode(content).then(function (uri) {
+                // DEV: WebpMachine.decode() returns a data: URI
+                // We callback before the node is set so that we don't incur slow DOM rewrites before processing more images
+                if (callback) callback(uri);
+                node.setAttribute(nodeAttribute, uri);
+            }).catch(function (err) {
+                console.error('There was an error decoding image in WebpMachine', err);
+                if (callback) callback();
+            });
+        } else {
+            var blob = new Blob([content], { type: mimeType });
+            var url;
+            if (makeDataURI) {
+                // Because btoa fails on utf8 strings (in SVGs, for example) we need to use FileReader method
+                // See https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WindowBase64/Base64_encoding_and_decoding#The_Unicode_Problem
+                // url = 'data:' + mimeType + ';base64,' + btoa(util.uintToString(content));
+                var myReader = new FileReader();
+                myReader.onloadend = function () {
+                    url = myReader.result;
+                    node.setAttribute(nodeAttribute, url);
+                    if (callback) callback(url);
+                };
+                myReader.readAsDataURL(blob);
+            } else {
+                blob = new Blob([content], {
+                    type: mimeType
+                });
+            // Establish the current window (avoids having to pass it to this function)
+                var docWindow = node.ownerDocument.defaultView || node.ownerDocument.parentWindow || window;
+                url = docWindow.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+                if (callback) callback(url);
+                node.addEventListener('load', function () {
+                    URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
+                });
+                node.setAttribute(nodeAttribute, url);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+        
+    var regexpRemoveUrlParameters = new RegExp(/([^\?]+)\?.*$/);
+    
+    function removeUrlParameters(url) {
+        if (regexpRemoveUrlParameters.test(url)) {
+            return regexpRemoveUrlParameters.exec(url)[1];
+        } else {
+            return url;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Transforms an asset (script or link) element string into a usable element containing the given content or a BLOB
+    // reference to the content
+    function createNewAssetElement(assetElement, attribute, content) {
+        var tag = assetElement.match(/^<([^\s]+)/)[1];
+        var regexpMatchAttr = new RegExp(attribute + '=["\']\\s*([^"\'\\s]+)');
+        var attrUri = assetElement.match(regexpMatchAttr);
+        attrUri = attrUri ? attrUri[1] : '';
+        var mimetype = /type=["']\s*([^"'\s]+)/.exec(assetElement);
+        mimetype = mimetype ? mimetype[1] : '';
+        var newAsset;
+        if (tag === 'link') {
+            // We use inline style replacements in this case for compatibility with FFOS
+            // If FFOS is no longer supported, we could use the more generic BLOB replacement below
+            mimetype = mimetype ? mimetype : 'text/css';
+            newAsset = '<style data-kiwixsrc="' + attrUri + '" type="' + mimetype + '">' + content + '</style>';
+        } else {
+            mimetype = mimetype ? mimetype : tag === 'script' ? 'text/javascript' : '';
+            var assetBlob = new Blob([content], { type: mimetype });
+            var assetUri = URL.createObjectURL(assetBlob);
+            var refAttribute = tag === 'script' ? 'src' : 'href';
+            newAsset = assetElement.replace(attribute, refAttribute);
+            newAsset = newAsset.replace(attrUri, assetUri);
+            newAsset = newAsset.replace(/>/, ' data-kiwixsrc="' + attrUri + '">');
+        }
+        return newAsset;
+    }
+
+    function TableOfContents(articleDoc) {
+        this.doc = articleDoc;
+        this.headings = this.doc.querySelectorAll("h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6");
+
+        this.getHeadingObjects = function () {
+            var headings = [];
+            for (var i = 0; i < this.headings.length; i++) {
+                var element = this.headings[i];
+                var obj = {};
+                obj.id = element.id;
+                var objectId = element.innerHTML.match(/\bid\s*=\s*["']\s*([^"']+?)\s*["']/i);
+                obj.id = obj.id ? obj.id : objectId && objectId.length > 1 ? objectId[1] : "";
+                obj.index = i;
+                obj.textContent = element.textContent;
+                obj.tagName = element.tagName;
+                headings.push(obj);
+            }
+            return headings;
+        };
+    }
+
+    function makeReturnLink(title) {
+        //Abbreviate title if necessary
+        var shortTitle = title.substring(0, 25);
+        shortTitle = shortTitle == title ? shortTitle : shortTitle + "..."; 
+        var link = '<h4 style="font-size:' + ~~(params.relativeUIFontSize * 1.4 * 0.14) + 'px;"><a href="#">&lt;&lt; Return to ' + shortTitle + '</a></h4>';
+        var rtnFunction = "(function () { setTab(); \
+            if (params.themeChanged) { \
+                params.themeChanged = false; \
+                if (history.state !== null) {  \
+                    var thisURL = decodeURIComponent(history.state.title); \
+                    goToArticle(thisURL); \
+                } \
+            } \
+        })";
+        var returnDivs = document.getElementsByClassName("returntoArticle");
+        for (var i = 0; i < returnDivs.length; i++) {
+            returnDivs[i].innerHTML = link;
+        }
+        return rtnFunction;
+    }
+
+    function poll(msg) {
+        document.getElementById('searchingArticles').style.display = 'block';
+        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').innerHTML = msg;
+        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').style.display = 'block';
+    }
+
+    function clear() {
+        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').innerHTML = '';
+        document.getElementById('cachingAssets').style.display = 'none';
+    }
+
+    function printCustomElements() {
+        //var innerDocument = window.frames[0].frameElement.contentDocument;
+        var innerDocument = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
+        //Add any missing classes
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(class\s*=\s*["'][^"']*vcard\b[^>]+>\s*<span)>/ig, '$1 class="map-pin">');
+        // Remove encapsulated External Links
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"externalLinks"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]external_links['"])/i, '$1 class="externalLinks" $2');
+        // This is the best we can do for removing External Links if its not encapsulated
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<(?:h2|span)\b[^<]+external_links(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>|\/details>))+?<ul\s*(?!class="externalLinks"))/i, '$1 class="externalLinks" ');
+        // Further Reading
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"furtherReading"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]further_reading['"])/i, '$1 class="furtherReading" $2');
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<(?:h2|span)\b[^<]+further_reading(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>|\/details>))+?<ul\s*(?!class="furtherReading"))/i, '$1 class="furtherReading" ');
+        // See Also
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"seeAlso"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]see_also['"])/i, '$1 class="seeAlso" $2');
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<(?:h2|span)\b[^<]+see_also(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>|\/details>))+?<ul\s*(?!class="seeAlso"))/i, '$1 class="seeAlso" ');
+        // References (this is for details-summary ZIMs only: it gets rid of the title)
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"zimReferences"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]references['"])/i, '$1 class="zimReferences" $2');
+        // Sources (this is for details-summary ZIMs only: it gets rid of the title)
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<details\b(?![^>]"zimSources"))((?:[^<]|<(?!\/details>))+?['"]sources['"])/i, '$1 class="zimSources" $2');
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/(<div\s+)([^>]+>\s+This article is issued from)/i, '$1class="copyLeft" $2');
+        // Remove openInTab div (we can't do this using DOM methods because it aborts code spawned from onclick event)
+        innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/<div\s(?=[^<]+?openInTab)(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>))+<\/div>\s*/, '');
+
+        // Using @media print on images doesn't get rid of them all, so use brute force
+        if (!document.getElementById("printImageCheck").checked)
+            innerDocument.body.innerHTML = innerDocument.body.innerHTML.replace(/<img\b[^>]*>\s*/ig, '');
+        var printOptions = innerDocument.getElementById("printOptions");
+        //If there is no printOptions style block in the iframe, create it
+        if (!printOptions) {
+            var printStyle = innerDocument.createElement("style");
+            printStyle.id = "printOptions";
+            innerDocument.head.appendChild(printStyle);
+            printOptions = innerDocument.getElementById("printOptions");
+        }
+        var printStyleInnerHTML = "@media print { ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printNavBoxCheck").checked ? "" : ".navbox, .vertical-navbox { display: none; } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printEndNoteCheck").checked ? "" : ".reflist, div[class*=references], .zimReferences, .zimSources { display: none; } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("externalLinkCheck").checked ? "" : ".externalLinks, .furtherReading { display: none; } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("seeAlsoLinkCheck").checked ? "" : ".seeAlso { display: none; } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printInfoboxCheck").checked ? "" : ".mw-stack, .infobox, .infobox_v2, .infobox_v3, .qbRight, .qbRightDiv, .wv-quickbar, .wikitable { display: none; } ";
+        // printStyleInnerHTML += document.getElementById("printImageCheck").checked ? "" : "img, .gallery { display: none; } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += ".copyLeft { display: none } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += ".map-pin { display: none } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += ".external { padding-right: 0 !important } ";
+        var sliderVal = document.getElementById("documentZoomSlider").value;
+        sliderVal = ~~sliderVal;
+        sliderVal = Math.floor(sliderVal * (Math.max(window.screen.width, window.screen.height) / 1440));
+        printStyleInnerHTML += "body { font-size: " + sliderVal + "% !important; } ";
+        printStyleInnerHTML += "}";
+        printOptions.innerHTML = printStyleInnerHTML;
+
+    }
+
+    function downloadBlobUWP(blob, filename, message) {
+        // Copy BLOB to downloads folder and launch from there in Edge
+        // First create an empty file in the folder
+        Windows.Storage.DownloadsFolder.createFileAsync(filename, Windows.Storage.CreationCollisionOption.generateUniqueName)
+        .then(function (file) {
+            // Open the returned dummy file in order to copy the data into it
+            file.openAsync(Windows.Storage.FileAccessMode.readWrite).then(function (output) {
+                // Get the InputStream stream from the blob object 
+                var input = blob.msDetachStream();
+                // Copy the stream from the blob to the File stream 
+                Windows.Storage.Streams.RandomAccessStream.copyAsync(input, output).then(function () {
+                    output.flushAsync().done(function () {
+                        input.close();
+                        output.close();
+                        // Finally, tell the system to open the file if it's not a subtitle file
+                        if (!/\.(?:ttml|ssa|ass|srt|idx|sub|vtt)$/i.test(filename)) Windows.System.Launcher.launchFileAsync(file);
+                        if (file.isAvailable) {
+                            var fileLink = file.path.replace(/\\/g, '/');
+                            fileLink = fileLink.replace(/^([^:]+:\/(?:[^/]+\/)*)(.*)/, function (p0, p1, p2) {
+                                return 'file:///' + p1 + encodeURIComponent(p2);
+                            });
+                            if (message) message.innerHTML = '<strong>Download:</strong> Your file was saved as <a href="' +
+                                fileLink + '" target="_blank" class="alert-link">' + file.path + '</a>';
+                            //window.open(fileLink, null, "msHideView=no");
+                        }
+                    });
+                });
+            });
+        }); 
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Derives the URL.pathname from a relative or semi-relative URL using the given base ZIM URL
+     * 
+     * @param {String} url The (URI-encoded) URL to convert (e.g. "Einstein", "../Einstein",
+     *      "../../I/im%C3%A1gen.png", "-/s/style.css", "/A/Einstein.html", "../static/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css")
+     * @param {String} base The base ZIM URL of the currently loaded article (e.g. "A/", "A/subdir1/subdir2/", "C/Singapore/")
+     * @returns {String} The derived ZIM URL in decoded form (e.g. "A/Einstein", "I/imágen.png", "C/")
+     */
+    function deriveZimUrlFromRelativeUrl(url, base) {
+        // We use a dummy domain because URL API requires a valid URI
+        var dummy = 'http://d/';
+        var deriveZimUrl = function (url, base) {
+            if (typeof URL === 'function') return new URL(url, base);
+            // IE11 lacks URL API: workaround adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/28183162/9727685
+            var d = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument('t');
+            d.head.innerHTML = '<base href="' + base + '">';
+            var a = d.createElement('a');
+            a.href = url;
+            return { pathname: a.href.replace(dummy, '') };
+        };
+        var zimUrl = deriveZimUrl(url, dummy + base);
+        return decodeURIComponent(zimUrl.pathname.replace(/^\//, ''));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Walk up the DOM tree to find the closest element where the tagname matches the supplied regular expression
+     * 
+     * @param {Element} el The starting DOM element
+     * @param {RegExp} rgx A regular expression to match the element's tagname
+     * @returns {Element|null} The matching element or null if no match was found
+     */
+    function getClosestMatchForTagname(el, rgx) {
+        do {
+            if (rgx.test(el.tagName)) return el;
+            el = el.parentElement || el.parentNode;
+        } while (el !== null && el.nodeType === 1);
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Displays a Bootstrap warning alert with information about how to access content in a ZIM with unsupported active UI
+     */
+    function displayActiveContentWarning() {
+        // We have to add the alert box in code, because Bootstrap removes it completely from the DOM when the user dismisses it
+        var alertHTML =
+            '<div id="activeContent" class="alert alert-warning alert-dismissible fade in" style="margin-bottom: 0;">' +
+                '<a href="#" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="close">&times;</a>' +
+                '<strong>Unable to display active content:</strong> To use Archive Index <b><i>type a space</b></i> in the box above, or else ' +
+                '<a id="swModeLink" href="#contentInjectionModeDiv" class="alert-link">switch to Service Worker mode</a> ' +
+                'if your platform supports it. &nbsp;[<a id="stop" href="#displaySettingsDiv" class="alert-link">Permanently hide</a>]' +
+            '</div>';
+        var alertBoxHeader = document.getElementById('alertBoxHeader');
+        alertBoxHeader.innerHTML = alertHTML;
+        alertBoxHeader.style.display = 'block';
+        ['swModeLink', 'stop'].forEach(function(id) {
+            // Define event listeners for both hyperlinks in alert box: these take the user to the Config tab and highlight
+            // the options that the user needs to select
+            document.getElementById(id).addEventListener('click', function () {
+                var elementID = id === 'stop' ? 'hideActiveContentWarningCheck' : 'serviceworkerModeRadio';
+                var thisLabel = document.getElementById(elementID).parentNode;
+                thisLabel.style.borderColor = 'red';
+                thisLabel.style.borderStyle = 'solid';
+                var btnHome = document.getElementById('btnHome');
+                [thisLabel, btnHome].forEach(function (ele) {
+                    // Define event listeners to cancel the highlighting both on the highlighted element and on the Home tab
+                    ele.addEventListener('mousedown', function () {
+                        thisLabel.style.borderColor = '';
+                        thisLabel.style.borderStyle = '';
+                    });
+                });
+                alertBoxHeader.style.display = 'none';
+                document.getElementById('btnConfigure').click();
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Displays a Bootstrap alert box at the foot of the page to enable saving the content of the given title to the device's filesystem
+     * and initiates download/save process if this is supported by the OS or Browser
+     * 
+     * @param {String} title The path and filename to the file to be extracted
+     * @param {Boolean|String} download A Bolean value that will trigger download of title, or the filename that should
+     *     be used to save the file in local FS
+     * @param {String} contentType The mimetype of the downloadable file, if known
+     * @param {Uint8Array} content The binary-format content of the downloadable file
+     * @param {Boolean} autoDismiss If true, dismiss the alert programmatically
+     */
+    function displayFileDownloadAlert(title, download, contentType, content, autoDismiss) {
+        // We have to create the alert box in code, because Bootstrap removes it completely from the DOM when the user dismisses it
+            document.getElementById('alertBoxFooter').innerHTML =
+                '<div id="downloadAlert" class="alert alert-info alert-dismissible">' +
+                '    <a href="#" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="close">&times;</a>' +
+                '    <span id="alertMessage"></span>' +
+                '</div>';
+        // Download code adapted from https://stackoverflow.com/a/19230668/9727685 
+        if (!contentType) {
+            // DEV: Add more contentTypes here for downloadable files
+            if (/\.epub$/.test(title)) contentType = 'application/epub+zip';
+            if (/\.pdf$/.test(title)) contentType = 'application/pdf';
+            if (/\.zip$/.test(title)) contentType = 'application/zip';
+        }
+        // Set default contentType if there has been no match
+        if (!contentType) contentType = 'application/octet-stream';
+        var a = document.createElement('a');
+        var blob = new Blob([content], { 'type': contentType });
+        // If the filename to use for saving has not been specified, construct it from title
+        var filename = download === true ? title.replace(/^.*\/([^\/]+)$/, '$1') : download;
+        // Make filename safe
+        filename = filename.replace(/[\/\\:*?"<>|]/g, '_');
+        a.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
+        a.target = '_blank';
+        a.type = contentType;
+        // if (typeof window.fs === 'undefined') a.download = filename;
+        a.classList.add('alert-link');
+        a.innerHTML = filename;
+        var alertMessage = document.getElementById('alertMessage');
+        alertMessage.innerHTML = '<strong>Download</strong> If the download does not start, please tap the following link: ';
+        // We have to add the anchor to a UI element for Firefox to be able to click it programmatically: see https://stackoverflow.com/a/27280611/9727685
+        alertMessage.appendChild(a);
+        try {
+            a.click();
+            // Following line should run only if there was no error, leaving the alert showing in case of error
+            if (autoDismiss) $('#downloadAlert').alert('close');
+            return;
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            // Edge will error out unless there is a download added but Chrome works better without the attribute
+            a.download = filename;
+        }
+        try {
+            a.click();
+            // Following line should run only if there was no error, leaving the alert showing in case of error
+            if (autoDismiss) $('#downloadAlert').alert('close');
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            // If the click fails, user may be able to download by manually clicking the link
+            // But for IE11 we need to force use of the saveBlob method with the onclick event 
+            if (window.navigator && window.navigator.msSaveBlob) {
+                a.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
+                    window.navigator.msSaveBlob(blob, filename);
+                    e.preventDefault();
+                });
+            } else {
+                // And try to launch through UWP download
+                if (Windows && Windows.Storage) {
+                    downloadBlobUWP(blob, filename, alertMessage);
+                    if (autoDismiss) $('#downloadAlert').alert('close');
+                } else {
+                    // Last gasp attempt to open automatically
+                    window.open(a.href);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initiates XMLHttpRequest
+     * Can be used for loading local files; CSP may restrict access to remote files due to CORS
+     *
+     * @param {URL} url The Uniform Resource Locator to be read
+     * @param {String} responseType The response type to return (arraybuffer|blob|document|json|text);
+     *     (passing an empty or null string defaults to text)
+     * @param {Function} callback The function to call with the result: data, mimetype, and status or error code
+     */
+    function XHR(url, responseType, callback) {
+        var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
+        xhr.onreadystatechange = function (e) {
+            if (this.readyState == 4) {
+                callback(this.response, this.response.type, this.status);
+            }
+        };
+        var err = false;
+        try {
+            xhr.open('GET', url, true);
+            if (responseType) xhr.responseType = responseType;
+        }
+        catch (e) {
+            console.log("Exception during GET request: " + e);
+            err = true;
+        }
+        if (!err) {
+            xhr.send();
+        } else {
+            callback("Error", null, 500);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts a link to break the article out to a new browser tab
+     * 
+     * @param {String} mode The app mode to use for the breakoutLink icon (light|dark)
+     */
+    function insertBreakoutLink(mode) {
+        var desc = "Open article in new tab or window";
+        var iframe = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
+        // This code provides an absolute link, removing the file and any query string from href (we need this because of SW mode)
+        var prefix = (window.location.protocol + '//' + window.location.host + window.location.pathname).replace(/\/[^/]*$/, '');
+        var div = document.createElement('div');
+        div.style.cssText = 'top: 10px; right: 25px; position: relative; z-index: 2; float: right;';
+        div.id = "openInTab";
+        div.innerHTML = '<a href="#"><img id="breakoutLink" src="' + prefix + '/img/icons/' + (mode == 'light' ? 'new_window.svg' : 'new_window_lb.svg') + '" width="30" height="30" alt="' + desc + '" title="' + desc + '"></a>';
+        iframe.body.insertBefore(div, iframe.body.firstChild);
+        var openInTab = iframe.getElementById('openInTab');
+        // Have to use jQuery here becasue e.preventDefault is not working properly in some browsers
+        $(openInTab).on('click', function() {
+            itemsCount = false;
+            params.preloadingAllImages = false;
+            extractHTML();
+            return false;
+        });
+    }
+    
+    /**
+     * Extracts self-contained HTML from the iframe DOM, transforming BLOB references to dataURIs
+     */
+    function extractHTML() {
+        if (params.preloadingAllImages !== true) {
+            params.preloadAllImages();
+            return;
+        }
+        var iframe = document.getElementById('articleContent').contentDocument;
+        // Store the html for the head section, to restore later (in SW mode, stylesheets will be transformed to dataURI links,
+        // which only work from file:/// URL, due to CORS, so they have to be restored)
+        var headHtml = iframe.head.innerHTML;
+        var title = iframe.title;
+        if (itemsCount === false) {
+            // Establish the source items that need to be extracted to self-contained URIs
+            // DEV: Add any further sources to the querySelector below
+            var items = iframe.querySelectorAll('img[src],link[href][rel="stylesheet"]');
+            itemsCount = items.length;
+            Array.prototype.slice.call(items).forEach(function (item) {
+                // Extract the BLOB itself from the URL (even if it's a blob: URL)                    
+                var itemUrl = item.href || item.src;
+                XHR(itemUrl, 'blob', function (response, mimetype, status) {
+                    if (status == 500) { 
+                        itemsCount--;
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    // Pure SVG images may be missing the mimetype
+                    if (!mimetype) mimetype = /\.svg$/i.test(itemUrl) ? 'image/svg+xml' : '';
+                    // Now read the data from the extracted blob
+                    var myReader = new FileReader();
+                    myReader.addEventListener("loadend", function () {
+                        if (myReader.result) {
+                            var dataURL = myReader.result.replace(/data:;/, 'data:' + mimetype + ';');
+                            if (item.href) {
+                                try { item.href = dataURL; }
+                                catch (err) { null; }
+                            }
+                            if (item.src) {
+                                try { item.src = dataURL; }
+                                catch (err) { null; }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        itemsCount--;
+                        if (itemsCount === 0) extractHTML();
+                    });
+                    //Start the reading process.
+                    myReader.readAsDataURL(response);
+                });
+            });
+        }
+        if (itemsCount > 0) return; //Ensures function stops if we are still extracting images or css
+        // Construct filename (forbidden characters will be removed in the download function)
+        var filename = title.replace(/(\.html?)*$/i, '.html');
+        var html = iframe.documentElement.outerHTML;
+        // Remove openInTab div (we can't do this using DOM methods because it aborts code spawned from onclick event)
+        html = html.replace(/<div\s(?=[^<]+?openInTab)(?:[^<]|<(?!\/div>))+<\/div>\s*/, '');
+        var blob = new Blob([html], { type: 'text/html' });
+        // We can't use window.open() because pop-up blockers block it, so use explicit BLOB download
+        displayFileDownloadAlert(title, filename, 'text/html', blob, true);
+        // Restore original head section (to restore any transformed stylesheets)
+        iframe.head.innerHTML = headHtml;
+        itemsCount = false;
+        params.preloadingAllImages = false;
+    }
+
+    /** 
+     * Provides system-specific alert function
+     * 
+     * @param {String} message The message to display
+     * @param {String} title The message title
+     * @param {String} btn1 An optional button to display
+     * @param {Function} btn1Func An optional function to run when btn1 is selected
+     * @param {String} btn2 An optional secondary button to display
+     * @param {Function} btn2Func An optional function to run when btn2 is selected
+     */
+    function systemAlert(message, title, btn1, btn1Func, btn2, btn2Func) {
+        // Test for UWP
+        if (typeof Windows !== 'undefined' && typeof Windows.UI !== 'undefined' && typeof Windows.UI.Popups !== 'undefined') {
+            var dialog = new Windows.UI.Popups.MessageDialog(message);
+            if (btn1 && btn1Func) dialog.commands.append(new Windows.UI.Popups.UICommand(btn1, btn1Func));
+            if (btn2 && btn2Func) dialog.commands.append(new Windows.UI.Popups.UICommand(btn2, btn2Func));
+            dialog.showAsync();
+        } else {
+            alert(message);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if a server is accessible by attempting to load a test image from the server
+     * 
+     * @param {String} imageSrc The full URI of the image
+     * @param {any} onSuccess A function to call if the image can be loaded
+     * @param {any} onError A function to call if the image cannot be loaded
+     */
+    function checkServerIsAccessible(imageSrc, onSuccess, onError) {
+        var image = new Image();
+        image.onload = onSuccess;
+        image.onerror = onError;
+        image.src = imageSrc;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether an element is partially or fully inside the current viewport, and adds the rect.top value to element.top
+     * 
+     * @param {Window} area The Window to check 
+     * @param {Element} el The DOM element for which to check visibility
+     * @param {Boolean} fully If true, checks that the entire element is inside the viewport
+     * @param {Integer} offset An additional bottom (+) or top (-) margin to include in the search window
+     * @returns {Boolean} True if the element is fully or partially inside the current viewport
+     */
+    function isElementInView(area, el, fully, offset) {
+        offset = offset || 0;
+        var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
+        el.top = rect.top;
+        //console.log(el.dataset.kiwixurl + ': ' + rect.top);
+        if (fully)
+            return rect.top > 0 + (offset < 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.bottom < area.innerHeight + (offset > 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.left > 0 && rect.right < area.innerWidth;
+        else 
+            return rect.top < area.innerHeight + (offset > 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.bottom > 0 + (offset < 0 ? offset : 0) && rect.left < area.innerWidth && rect.right > 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the html escape characters in the string before using it as html class name,id etc.
+     * 
+     * @param {String} string The string in which html characters are to be escaped
+     * 
+     */
+    function htmlEscapeChars(string) {
+        var escapechars = {
+            '&': '&amp;',
+            '<': '&lt;',
+            '>': '&gt;',
+            '"': '&quot;',
+            "'": '&#39;',
+            '/': '&#x2F;',
+            '`': '&#x60;',
+            '=': '&#x3D;'
+        };
+        string = String(string).replace(/[&<>"'`=/]/g, function (s) {
+            return escapechars[s];
+        });
+        return string;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initiates pointer touch events on the given element in order to set the zoom level
+     * 
+     * @param {Element} element The element to which the pointer events should be attached 
+     * @param {Node} container The node to which the pointer events should be applied, if different
+     */
+    function initTouchZoom(element, container) {
+        container = container || element;
+        // Global vars to cache event state
+        appstate.evCache = new Array();
+        appstate.prevDiff = -1;
+        // Set initial element transforms
+        var contentWin = element.ownerDocument.defaultView || element.ownerDocument.parentWindow;
+        container.style.transformOrigin = 'left top'; // DEV: To support RTL languages, this should be 'right top'
+        appstate.windowScale = 1;
+        appstate.sessionScale = 1;
+        appstate.startVector = null;
+        // Install event handlers for the pointer target
+        element.onpointerdown = pointerdown_handler;
+        element.onpointermove = function(event) {
+            pointermove_handler(event, container, contentWin);
+        };
+        // Use same handler for pointer{up,cancel,out,leave} events since
+        // the semantics for these events - in this app - are the same.
+        element.onpointerup = pointerup_handler;
+        element.onpointercancel = pointerup_handler;
+        element.onpointerout = pointerup_handler;
+        element.onpointerleave = pointerup_handler;
+    }
+
+    function pointerdown_handler(ev) {
+        // The pointerdown event signals the start of a touch interaction.
+        // This event is cached to support 2-finger gestures
+        appstate.evCache.push(ev);
+        // console.debug('pointerDown', ev);
+    }
+
+    function pointermove_handler(ev, cont, win) {
+        // This function implements a 2-pointer horizontal pinch/zoom gesture.
+        // console.debug('pointerMove', ev);
+        // Find this event in the cache and update its record with this event
+        for (var i = 0; i < appstate.evCache.length; i++) {
+            if (ev.pointerId == appstate.evCache[i].pointerId) {
+                appstate.evCache[i] = ev;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If two pointers are down, check for pinch gestures
+        if (appstate.evCache.length == 2) {
+            ev.preventDefault();
+            // Calculate the distance between the two pointers
+            var x0 = appstate.evCache[0].clientX;
+            var y0 = appstate.evCache[0].clientY;
+            var x1 = appstate.evCache[1].clientX;
+            var y1 = appstate.evCache[1].clientY;
+            var curDiff = Math.abs(Math.sqrt(Math.pow(x1 - x0, 2) + Math.pow(y1 - y0, 2)));
+            // console.debug('Current difference: ' + curDiff);
+            if (appstate.prevDiff > 0) {
+                if (appstate.startVector === null) {
+                    appstate.startVector = curDiff;
+                    appstate.scrollYStart = win.scrollY / appstate.windowScale;
+                    // console.debug('scrollYStart: ' + appstate.scrollYStart);
+                }
+                appstate.windowScale = appstate.sessionScale * curDiff / appstate.startVector;
+                // console.debug('winScrollY: ' + win.scrollY);
+                // console.debug('winScrollX: ' + win.scrollX);
+                // console.debug('x0x1 mean: ' + (x0 + x1)/2);
+                // console.debug('y0y1 mean: ' + (y0 + y1)/2);
+                cont.style.transform = 'scale(' + appstate.windowScale + ')';
+                win.scrollTo(win.scrollX, appstate.scrollYStart * appstate.windowScale);
+            }
+
+            // Cache the distance for the next move event
+            appstate.prevDiff = curDiff;
+        }
+    }
+
+    function pointerup_handler(ev) {
+        // console.debug(ev.type, ev);
+        // Remove this pointer from the cache
+        remove_event(ev);
+
+        // If the number of pointers down is less than two then reset diff tracker
+        if (appstate.evCache.length < 2) {
+            appstate.prevDiff = -1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    function remove_event(ev) {
+        // Remove this event from the target's cache
+        for (var i = 0; i < appstate.evCache.length; i++) {
+            if (appstate.evCache[i].pointerId == ev.pointerId) {
+                appstate.evCache.splice(i, 1);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        appstate.startVector = null;
+        appstate.sessionScale = appstate.windowScale;
+    }
+
+    // If global variable webpMachine was defined, then we need to initialize the WebP Polyfill
+    if (webpMachine) webpMachine = new webpHero.WebpMachine();
+
+    /**
+     * Functions and classes exposed by this module
+     */
+    return {
+        feedNodeWithBlob: feedNodeWithBlob,
+        deriveZimUrlFromRelativeUrl: deriveZimUrlFromRelativeUrl,
+        getClosestMatchForTagname: getClosestMatchForTagname,
+        removeUrlParameters: removeUrlParameters,
+        toc: TableOfContents,
+        isElementInView: isElementInView,
+        makeReturnLink: makeReturnLink,
+        poll: poll,
+        clear: clear,
+        XHR: XHR,
+        printCustomElements: printCustomElements,
+        downloadBlobUWP: downloadBlobUWP,
+        displayActiveContentWarning: displayActiveContentWarning,
+        displayFileDownloadAlert: displayFileDownloadAlert,
+        insertBreakoutLink: insertBreakoutLink,
+        extractHTML: extractHTML,
+        systemAlert: systemAlert,
+        checkServerIsAccessible: checkServerIsAccessible,
+        htmlEscapeChars: htmlEscapeChars,
+        initTouchZoom: initTouchZoom
+    };
+});