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216 lines
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HTML
216 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html> <head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
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<title> Postfix manual - master(8) </title>
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</head> <body> <pre>
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MASTER(8) MASTER(8)
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<b>NAME</b>
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master - Postfix master process
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<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
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<b>master</b> [<b>-Ddtvw</b>] [<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>] [<b>-e</b> <i>exit</i><b>_</b><i>time</i>]
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<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
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The <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> daemon is the resident process that runs
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Postfix daemons on demand: daemons to send or receive mes-
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sages via the network, daemons to deliver mail locally,
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etc. These daemons are created on demand up to a config-
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urable maximum number per service.
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Postfix daemons terminate voluntarily, either after being
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idle for a configurable amount of time, or after having
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serviced a configurable number of requests. Exceptions to
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this rule are the resident queue manager, address verifi-
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cation server, and the TLS session cache and pseudo-random
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number server.
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The behavior of the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> daemon is controlled by the
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<a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> configuration file, as described in <a href="master.5.html"><b>master</b>(5)</a>.
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Options:
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<b>-c</b> <i>config</i><b>_</b><i>dir</i>
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Read the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> and <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> configuration files
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in the named directory instead of the default con-
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figuration directory. This also overrides the con-
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figuration files for other Postfix daemon pro-
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cesses.
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<b>-D</b> After initialization, run a debugger on the master
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process. The debugging command is specified with
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the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a></b> in the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> global configu-
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ration file.
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<b>-d</b> Do not redirect stdin, stdout or stderr to
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/dev/null, and do not discard the controlling ter-
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minal. This must be used for debugging only.
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<b>-e</b> <i>exit</i><b>_</b><i>time</i>
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Terminate the master process after <i>exit</i><b>_</b><i>time</i> sec-
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onds. Child processes terminate at their conve-
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nience.
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<b>-t</b> Test mode. Return a zero exit status when the <b>mas-</b>
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<b>ter.pid</b> lock file does not exist or when that file
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is not locked. This is evidence that the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a>
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daemon is not running.
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<b>-v</b> Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. This
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option is passed on to child processes. Multiple <b>-v</b>
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options make the software increasingly verbose.
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<b>-w</b> Wait in a dummy foreground process, while the real
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master daemon initializes in a background process.
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The dummy foreground process returns a zero exit
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status only if the master daemon initialization is
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successful, and if it completes in a reasonable
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amount of time.
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This feature is available in Postfix 2.10 and
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later.
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Signals:
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<b>SIGHUP</b> Upon receipt of a <b>HUP</b> signal (e.g., after "<b>postfix</b>
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<b>reload</b>"), the master process re-reads its configu-
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ration files. If a service has been removed from
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the <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> file, its running processes are ter-
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minated immediately. Otherwise, running processes
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are allowed to terminate as soon as is convenient,
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so that changes in configuration settings affect
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only new service requests.
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<b>SIGTERM</b>
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Upon receipt of a <b>TERM</b> signal (e.g., after "<b>postfix</b>
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<b>abort</b>"), the master process passes the signal on to
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its child processes and terminates. This is useful
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for an emergency shutdown. Normally one would ter-
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minate only the master ("<b>postfix stop</b>") and allow
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running processes to finish what they are doing.
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<b>DIAGNOSTICS</b>
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Problems are reported to <b>syslogd</b>(8). The exit status is
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non-zero in case of problems, including problems while
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initializing as a master daemon process in the background.
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<b>ENVIRONMENT</b>
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<b>MAIL_DEBUG</b>
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After initialization, start a debugger as specified
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with the <b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a></b> configuration parameter
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in the <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a> configuration file.
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<b>MAIL_CONFIG</b>
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Directory with Postfix configuration files.
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<b>CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS</b>
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Unlike most Postfix daemon processes, the <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> server
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does not automatically pick up changes to <a href="postconf.5.html"><b>main.cf</b></a>. Changes
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to <a href="master.5.html"><b>master.cf</b></a> are never picked up automatically. Use the
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"<b>postfix reload</b>" command after a configuration change.
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<b>RESOURCE AND RATE CONTROLS</b>
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#default_process_limit">default_process_limit</a> (100)</b>
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The default maximal number of Postfix child pro-
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cesses that provide a given service.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_idle">max_idle</a> (100s)</b>
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The maximum amount of time that an idle Postfix
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daemon process waits for an incoming connection
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before terminating voluntarily.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#max_use">max_use</a> (100)</b>
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The maximal number of incoming connections that a
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Postfix daemon process will service before termi-
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nating voluntarily.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#service_throttle_time">service_throttle_time</a> (60s)</b>
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How long the Postfix <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> waits before forking
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a server that appears to be malfunctioning.
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Available in Postfix version 2.6 and later:
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#master_service_disable">master_service_disable</a> (empty)</b>
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Selectively disable <a href="master.8.html"><b>master</b>(8)</a> listener ports by
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service type or by service name and type.
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<b>MISCELLANEOUS CONTROLS</b>
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
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The default location of the Postfix <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> and
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<a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration files.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#daemon_directory">daemon_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
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The directory with Postfix support programs and
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daemon programs.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#debugger_command">debugger_command</a> (empty)</b>
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The external command to execute when a Postfix dae-
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mon program is invoked with the -D option.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_interfaces">inet_interfaces</a> (all)</b>
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The network interface addresses that this mail sys-
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tem receives mail on.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#inet_protocols">inet_protocols</a> (all)</b>
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The Internet protocols Postfix will attempt to use
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when making or accepting connections.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#import_environment">import_environment</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
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The list of environment parameters that a Postfix
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process will import from a non-Postfix parent
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process.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#mail_owner">mail_owner</a> (postfix)</b>
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The UNIX system account that owns the Postfix queue
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and most Postfix daemon processes.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_id">process_id</a> (read-only)</b>
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The process ID of a Postfix command or daemon
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process.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#process_name">process_name</a> (read-only)</b>
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The process name of a Postfix command or daemon
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process.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
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The location of the Postfix top-level queue direc-
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tory.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_facility">syslog_facility</a> (mail)</b>
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The syslog facility of Postfix logging.
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<b><a href="postconf.5.html#syslog_name">syslog_name</a> (see 'postconf -d' output)</b>
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The mail system name that is prepended to the
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process name in syslog records, so that "smtpd"
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becomes, for example, "postfix/smtpd".
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<b>FILES</b>
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To expand the directory names below into their actual val-
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ues, use the command "<b>postconf <a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a></b>" etc.
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$<a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a>/<a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a>, global configuration file.
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$<a href="postconf.5.html#config_directory">config_directory</a>/<a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a>, master server configuration file.
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$<a href="postconf.5.html#queue_directory">queue_directory</a>/pid/master.pid, master lock file.
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$<a href="postconf.5.html#data_directory">data_directory</a>/master.lock, master lock file.
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<b>SEE ALSO</b>
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<a href="qmgr.8.html">qmgr(8)</a>, queue manager
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<a href="verify.8.html">verify(8)</a>, address verification
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<a href="master.5.html">master(5)</a>, <a href="master.5.html">master.cf</a> configuration file syntax
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<a href="postconf.5.html">postconf(5)</a>, <a href="postconf.5.html">main.cf</a> configuration file syntax
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syslogd(8), system logging
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<b>LICENSE</b>
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The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this
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software.
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<b>AUTHOR(S)</b>
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Wietse Venema
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IBM T.J. Watson Research
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P.O. Box 704
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Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA
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MASTER(8)
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</pre> </body> </html>
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