cd subdir && $(MAKE) targets -> $(MAKE) -C subdir targets

- first step towards parallel building

Makefile

@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ mkfiles:
 	cp etc/mk/*.mk /etc/mk/
 
 includes:
-	cd include && $(MAKE) includes
+	$(MAKE) -C include includes
-	cd lib && $(MAKE) includes
+	$(MAKE) -C lib includes
 
-libraries:
+libraries: includes
-	cd lib && sh ack_build.sh obj depend all install
+	$(MAKE) -C lib build_ack
 
 MKHEADERS411=/usr/gnu/libexec/gcc/i386-pc-minix/4.1.1/install-tools/mkheaders
 MKHEADERS443=/usr/gnu/libexec/gcc/i686-pc-minix/4.4.3/install-tools/mkheaders
@@ -51,43 +51,43 @@ gnu-includes: includes
 	SHELL=/bin/sh; if [ -f $(MKHEADERS411) ] ; then sh -e $(MKHEADERS411) ; fi
 	SHELL=/bin/sh; if [ -f $(MKHEADERS443) ] ; then sh -e $(MKHEADERS443) ; fi
 
-gnu-libraries:
+gnu-libraries: includes
-	cd lib && sh gnu_build.sh obj depend all install
+	$(MAKE) -C lib build_gnu
 
-commands:
+commands: includes libraries
-	cd commands && $(MAKE) all
+	$(MAKE) -C commands all
 
 depend::
-	cd boot && $(MAKE) depend
+	$(MAKE) -C boot depend
-	cd commands && $(MAKE) depend
+	$(MAKE) -C commands depend
-	cd kernel && $(MAKE) depend
+	$(MAKE) -C kernel depend
-	cd servers && $(MAKE) depend
+	$(MAKE) -C servers depend
-	cd drivers && $(MAKE) depend
+	$(MAKE) -C drivers depend
 
 etcfiles::
-	cd etc && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C etc install
 
 all::
-	cd boot && $(MAKE) all
+	$(MAKE) -C boot all
-	cd commands && $(MAKE) all
+	$(MAKE) -C commands all
-	cd tools && $(MAKE) all
+	$(MAKE) -C tools all
 
 install::
-	cd boot && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C boot install
-	cd man && $(MAKE) install makedb
+	$(MAKE) -C man install makedb
-	cd commands && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C commands install
-	cd share && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C share install
-	cd tools && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C tools install
 
 clean::
-	cd boot && $(MAKE) clean
+	$(MAKE) -C boot clean
-	cd commands && $(MAKE) clean
+	$(MAKE) -C commands clean
-	cd tools && $(MAKE) clean
+	$(MAKE) -C tools clean
-	cd lib && sh ack_build.sh clean
+	$(MAKE) -C lib clean_gnu
-	cd lib && sh gnu_build.sh clean
+	$(MAKE) -C lib clean_ack
-	cd test && $(MAKE) clean
+	$(MAKE) -C test clean
 
 cleandepend::
-	cd boot && $(MAKE) cleandepend
+	$(MAKE) -C boot cleandepend
-	cd commands && $(MAKE) cleandepend
+	$(MAKE) -C commands cleandepend
-	cd tools && $(MAKE) cleandepend
+	$(MAKE) -C tools cleandepend

drivers/ramdisk/Makefile

@@ -29,73 +29,73 @@ at_wini: ../at_wini/at_wini
 	install -s ../$@/$@ $@
 
 ../at_wini/at_wini:
-	cd ../at_wini && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../at_wini
 
 bios_wini: ../bios_wini/bios_wini
 	install -s ../$@/$@ $@
 
 ../bios_wini/bios_wini:
-	cd ../bios_wini && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../bios_wini
 
 floppy: ../floppy/floppy
 	install -s ../$@/$@ $@
 
 ../floppy/floppy:
-	cd ../floppy && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../floppy
 
 pci: ../pci/pci
 	install -s ../$@/$@ $@
 
 ../pci/pci:
-	cd ../pci && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../pci
 
 cdprobe:  ../../commands/cdprobe/cdprobe
 	install -s ../../commands/$@/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/cdprobe:
-	cd ../../commands/cdprobe && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/cdprobe
 
 dev2name:  ../../commands/dev2name/dev2name
 	install -s ../../commands/$@/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/dev2name/dev2name:
-	cd ../../commands/dev2name && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/dev2name
 
 loadramdisk:  ../../commands/loadramdisk/loadramdisk
 	install -s ../../commands/$@/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/loadramdisk/loadramdisk:
-	cd ../../commands/loadramdisk && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/loadramdisk
 
 newroot:  ../../commands/newroot/newroot
 	install -s ../../commands/$@/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/newroot/newroot:
-	cd ../../commands/newroot && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/newroot
 
 sysenv:  ../../commands/sysenv/sysenv
 	install -s ../../commands/$@/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/sysenv:
-	cd ../../commands/sysenv && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/sysenv
 
 sh:	../../commands/ash/sh
 	install -s ../../commands/ash/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/ash/sh:
-	cd ../../commands/ash && make sh
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/ash sh
 
 service: ../../commands/service/service
 	install -s ../../commands/service/$@ $@
 
 ../../commands/service:
-	cd ../../commands/service && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../commands/service
 
 mfs: ../../servers/mfs/mfs
 	install -s ../../servers/mfs/$@ $@
 
 ../../servers/mfs/mfs:
-	cd ../../servers/mfs && make
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../servers/mfs
 
 system.conf: ../../etc/system.conf
 	install -s ../../etc/$@ $@

lib/Makefile

@@ -8,3 +8,15 @@ SUBDIR+= ack/libd ack/libe ack/libfp ack/liby
 .endif
 
 .include <minix.subdir.mk>
+
+build_ack:
+	sh ack_build.sh obj depend all install
+
+build_gnu:
+	sh gnu_build.sh obj depend all install
+
+clean_ack:
+	sh ack_build.sh clean
+
+clean_gnu:
+	sh gnu_build.sh clean

test/Makefile

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ $(ROOTOBJ):
 	@rm a.out
 
 clean:	
-	cd select && make clean
+	$(MAKE) -C select clean
 	-rm -rf *.o *.s *.bak test? test?? test??-gcc t10a t11a t11b \
 		t40a t40b t40c t40d t40e t40f t43 DIR*
 

test/ipc/Makefile

@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@
 #
 
 all test clean:
-#	cd ./msgctl && $(MAKE) $@
+#	$(MAKE) -C ./msgctl $@
-#	cd ./msgget && $(MAKE) $@
+#	$(MAKE) -C ./msgget $@
-#	cd ./msgrcv && $(MAKE) $@
+#	$(MAKE) -C ./msgrcv $@
-#	cd ./msgsnd && $(MAKE) $@
+#	$(MAKE) -C ./msgsnd $@
-	cd ./semctl && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./semctl $@
-	cd ./semget && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./semget $@
-	cd ./semop && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./semop $@
-	cd ./shmat && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./shmat $@
-	cd ./shmctl && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./shmctl $@
-	cd ./shmdt && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./shmdt $@
-	cd ./shmget && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./shmget $@
-	cd ./shmt && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ./shmt $@

tools/Makefile

@@ -43,22 +43,22 @@ usage:
 all: services image
 
 image:  includes
-	cd ../kernel && $(MAKE)
+	$(MAKE) -C ../kernel
-	cd ../servers && $(MAKE) all
+	$(MAKE) -C ../servers all
-	cd ../drivers && $(MAKE) all
+	$(MAKE) -C ../drivers all
 	installboot -image $@ $(PROGRAMS)
 
 # rebuild the program or system libraries
 includes:
-	cd .. && $(MAKE) includes
+	$(MAKE) -C .. includes
 
 depend: includes
-	cd ../ && $(MAKE) depend
+	$(MAKE) -C ../ depend
 
 services: includes 
-	cd ../kernel && $(MAKE) 
+	$(MAKE) -C ../kernel 
-	cd ../servers && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C ../servers install
-	cd ../drivers && $(MAKE) install
+	$(MAKE) -C ../drivers install
 
 libraries: includes
 	cd ../lib && sh ack_build.sh clean obj depend all install
@@ -79,12 +79,12 @@ install: includes services hdboot
 
 # clean up compile results
 clean:
-	cd ../kernel && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ../kernel $@
-	cd ../servers && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ../servers $@
-	cd ../drivers && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ../drivers $@
 	rm -rf *.bak image *.iso *.iso.gz cdfdimage rootimage src
 
 cleandepend::
-	cd ../kernel && $(MAKE) $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ../kernel $@
-	cd ../servers && $(MAKE)  $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ../servers  $@
-	cd ../drivers && $(MAKE)  $@
+	$(MAKE) -C ../drivers  $@