202 lines
4.2 KiB
Groff
202 lines
4.2 KiB
Groff
.TH MAN 1
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.SH NAME
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man \- display online manual pages
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B man
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.RB [ \-antkfq ]
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.RB [ \-M
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.IR path ]
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.RB [ \-s
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.IR section ]
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.IR title " ..."
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.B Man
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displays the online manual pages for the specified titles in the specified
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sections. The sections are as follows:
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.PP
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.TP
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.B 1
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User Commands
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.br
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Generic commands such as
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.BR ls ,
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.BR cp ,
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.BR grep .
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.TP
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.B 2
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System Calls
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.br
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Low level routines that directly interface with the kernel.
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.TP
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.B 3
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Library Routines
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.br
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Higher level C language subroutines.
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.TP
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.B 4
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Device Files
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.br
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Describes devices in
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.BR /dev .
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.TP
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.B 5
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File Formats
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.br
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Formats of files handled by various utilities and subroutines.
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.TP
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.B 6
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Games
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.br
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It's not \s-2UNIX\s+2 without an adventure game.
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.TP
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.B 7
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Miscellaneous
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.br
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Macro packages, miscellaneous tidbits.
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.TP
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.B 8
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System Utilities
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.br
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Commands for the System Administrator.
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.TP
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.B 9
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Documents
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.br
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Larger manuals explaining some commands in more detail.
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.PP
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(If you are new to MINIX 3 then try
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.BR "man hier" ,
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it will show you around the file system and give you many pointers to other
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manual pages.)
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.PP
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By default,
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.B man
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will try the following files in a manual page directory for the command
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.BR "man \-s 1 ls" :
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.PP
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.RS
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.ft B
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.nf
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cat1/ls.1
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cat1/ls.1.Z
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man1/ls.1
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man1/ls.1.Z
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.fi
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.ft P
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.RE
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.PP
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Files in the man[1\-8] directories are formatted with
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.BR "nroff \-man" .
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Those in man9 are formatted with
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.BR "nroff \-mnx" .
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Files in the cat? directories are preformatted. Files with names ending in
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.B .Z
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are decompressed first with
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.B zcat
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(see
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.BR compress (1)).
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The end result is presented to the user using a pager if displaying on
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the screen.
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.PP
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For each manual page directory in its search path,
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.B man
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will first try all the subdirectories of the manual page directory for
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the files above, and then the directory itself. The directory
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.B /usr/man
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contains the standard manual pages, with manual pages for optional
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packages installed in a subdirectory of /usr/man, with the same
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structure as /usr/man. The directory
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.B /usr/local/man
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contains manual pages for locally added software. By default
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/usr/local/man is searched first, then /usr/man.
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.PP
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A title is not simply used as a filename, because several titles may
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refer to the same manual page. Each manual page directory contains a
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database of titles in the
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.BR whatis (5)
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file that is created by
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.BR makewhatis (1)
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from the NAME sections of all the manual pages. A title is searched in
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this database and the first title on a whatis line is used as a filename.
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.SH OPTIONS
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The options may be interspersed with the titles to search, and take effect
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for the titles after them.
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.TP
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.B \-a
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Show all the manual pages or one line descriptions with the given title in
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all the specified sections in all the manual directories in the search path.
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Normally only the first page found is shown.
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.TP
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.B \-n
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Use
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.B nroff \-man
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to format manual pages (default).
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.TP
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.B \-t
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Use
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.B troff \-man
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to format manual pages.
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.TP
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.B \-f
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Use
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.BR whatis (1)
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to show a one line description of the title from the
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.BR whatis (5)
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file.
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.TP
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.B \-k
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Use
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.BR apropos (1)
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to show all the one line descriptions of the title anywhere in the
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.BR whatis (5)
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files (implies
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.BR \-a ).
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.TP
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.B \-q
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Quietly check if all requested manual pages exist. No output, no errors,
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just an exit code.
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.TP
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.BI \-M " path"
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Use
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.I path
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as the search path for manual directories.
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.TP
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.BI \-s " section"
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.I Section
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is the section number the page is to be found in, or a comma separated
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list of sections to use. Normally all sections are searched. The
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search is always in numerical order no matter what your section list looks
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like. A single digit is treated as a section number without the
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.B \-s
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for compatibility with BSD-style
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.B man
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commands.
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.SH ENVIRONMENT
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.TP 15n
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.B MANPATH
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This is a colon separated list of directories to search for manual
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pages, by default
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.BR /usr/local/man:/usr/man .
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.TP
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.B PAGER
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The program to use to display the manual page or one line descriptions on
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the screen page by page. By default
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.BR more .
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.SH FILES
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.TP 25n
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/usr/man/whatis
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One of the
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.BR whatis (5)
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databases.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.BR nroff (1),
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.BR troff (1),
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.BR more (1),
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.BR whatis (1),
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.BR makewhatis (1),
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.BR catman (1),
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.BR whatis (5),
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.BR man (7).
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.SH AUTHOR
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Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl)
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