590 lines
15 KiB
C
590 lines
15 KiB
C
/* backup - backup a directory Author: Andy Tanenbaum */
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/* This program recursively backs up a directory. It has two typical uses:
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*
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* 1. Backing up a directory to 1 or more diskettes
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* 2. Backing up RAM disk to a shadow directory on hard disk
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*
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* The backup directory or medium may be empty, in which case, the entire
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* source directory is copied, or it may contain an old backup, in which
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* case only those files that are new or out of date are copied. In this
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* respect, 'backup' resembles 'make', except that no 'makefile' is needed.
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* The backed up copy may optionally be compressed to save space.
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*
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* The following flags exist:
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*
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* -d At the top level, only back up directories (not loose files)
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* -j Don't copy junk: *.Z, *.bak, *.log, a.out, and core
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* -m If ENOSPC encountered, ask for another diskette
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* -n No directories, only loose files are backed up
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* -o Don't copy *.o files
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* -r Restore files (ie. uncompress if necessary)
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* -s Don't copy *.s files
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* -t Set creation date of target-file equal to cdate of source-file
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* -v Verbose (announce what is being done)
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* -z Compress on backup/uncompress on restore
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*
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* Patches:
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* 30 Mar 91. Added restore option. cwr.
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* 9 Sep 91. Changed user interface. cwr.
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* 21 Jan 93. Revised error messages. cwr.
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* 29 Mar 95. Added -o, NARROW define. cwr.
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*/
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <sys/stat.h>
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#include <errno.h>
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#include <fcntl.h>
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#include <utime.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
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#include <sys/wait.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <dirent.h>
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#define NAME_SIZE _DIRENT_NAME_LEN
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#undef NARROW /* Width of verbose output */
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#define COPY_SIZE 4096
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#define MAX_ENTRIES 512
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#define MAX_PATH 256
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#define NONFATAL 0
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#define FATAL 1
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#define NO_SAVINGS 512 /* compress can return code 2 */
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#define OUT_OF_SPACE 2
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struct dirent dir_ent[MAX_ENTRIES];
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int entries = 0;
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struct sorted {
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int mode; /* file mode */
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char *namep; /* pointer to name in dir_buf */
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long acctime; /* time of last access */
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long modtime; /* time of last modification */
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} sorted[MAX_ENTRIES];
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char copybuf[COPY_SIZE];
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char *pname;
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int dflag, jflag, mflag, nflag, oflag, rflag, sflag, tflag, vflag, zflag;
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extern int errno;
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extern char **environ;
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_PROTOTYPE(int main, (int argc, char **argv));
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_PROTOTYPE(void maketarget, (char *dir2));
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_PROTOTYPE(int make_dir, (char *dir));
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_PROTOTYPE(int stat_all, (char *dir1, int n));
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_PROTOTYPE(void sort_dir, (int m));
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_PROTOTYPE(void process, (int m, char *dir1, char *dir2));
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_PROTOTYPE(void swap, (struct sorted *sp1, struct sorted *sp2));
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_PROTOTYPE(int copy, (char *dir1, struct sorted *sp, char *cbuf2));
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_PROTOTYPE(int zcopy, (char *src, char *targ));
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_PROTOTYPE(void copydir, (char *dir1, char *dir2, char *namep));
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_PROTOTYPE(void newdisk, (char *dir));
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_PROTOTYPE(void usage, (void));
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_PROTOTYPE(void error, (int type, char *s1, char *s2, char *s3));
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int main(argc, argv)
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int argc;
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char *argv[];
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{
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int n, m;
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char *dir1, *dir2, *cp, c;
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struct stat s;
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struct dirent *e;
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DIR *DIR1;
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(void) sync();
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/* Get the flags */
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if ((pname = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) == (char *)NULL)
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pname = argv[0];
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else
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pname++;
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if (argc < 3 || argc > 4) usage();
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if (argc == 4) {
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cp = argv[1];
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if (*cp++ != '-') usage();
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while ((c = *cp++) != '\0') {
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switch (c) {
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case 'd': dflag++; break;
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case 'j': jflag++; break;
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case 'm': mflag++; break;
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case 'n': nflag++; break;
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case 'o': oflag++; break;
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case 's': sflag++; break;
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case 'r': rflag++; break;
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case 't': tflag++; break;
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case 'v': vflag++; break;
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case 'z': zflag++; break;
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default: usage();
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}
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}
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dir1 = argv[2];
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dir2 = argv[3];
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} else {
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dir1 = argv[1];
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dir2 = argv[2];
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}
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if (!strcmp(pname, "restore") && !rflag) rflag++;
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/* Check for a valid source */
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if (stat(dir1, &s) < 0) error(FATAL, "cannot stat ", dir1, "");
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if ((s.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFDIR) error(FATAL, "non-directory ", dir1, "");
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/* Read in the source directory */
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if(!(DIR1 = opendir(dir1))) {
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perror(dir1);
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return 1;
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}
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while(entries < MAX_ENTRIES && (e=readdir(DIR1)))
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memcpy(&dir_ent[entries++], e, sizeof(*e));
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closedir(DIR1);
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if (entries == MAX_ENTRIES)
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error(FATAL, "directory ", dir1, " is too large");
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/* Create the target directory. */
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maketarget(dir2);
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/* Stat all the entries. */
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n = entries;
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m = stat_all(dir1, n);
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/* Remove non-entries and sort what's left. */
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sort_dir(m);
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/* Process each of the m entries one at a time. */
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process(m, dir1, dir2);
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return(0);
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}
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void maketarget(dir2)
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char *dir2;
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{
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/* The target directory is created if it does not already exist. */
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char *p, c, dbuf[MAX_PATH];
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if (access(dir2, 6) == 0)
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return; /* if target exists, we're done */
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if (make_dir(dir2) == 0) return; /* we just made it */
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/* We have to try creating all the higher level directories. */
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strcpy(dbuf, dir2);
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p = dbuf + 1;
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while (1) {
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while (*p != '/' && *p != '\0') p++;
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c = *p; /* either / or \0 */
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*p = 0;
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make_dir(dbuf);
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if (c == '\0') return;
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*p = c;
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p++;
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}
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}
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int make_dir(dir)
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char *dir;
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{
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/* Create a directory. */
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int pid, status;
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if ((pid = fork()) < 0)
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error(FATAL, "cannot fork off mkdir to create ", dir, "");
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if (pid > 0) {
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/* Parent process waits for child (mkdir). */
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wait(&status);
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return(status);
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} else {
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/* Child process executes mkdir */
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close(2); /* don't want mkdir's error messages */
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execle("/bin/mkdir", "mkdir", dir, (char *) 0, environ);
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execle("/usr/bin/mkdir", "mkdir", dir, (char *) 0, environ);
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error(FATAL, "cannot execute mkdir", "", "");
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}
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return(0);
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}
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int stat_all(dir1, n)
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char *dir1;
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int n;
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{
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/* Stat all the directory entries. By doing this all at once, the disk
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* head can stay in the inode area.
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*/
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int i, j;
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char cbuf[MAX_PATH];
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struct stat s;
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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/* Mark "." and ".." as null entries, as well as unstatable ones. */
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if (strcmp(dir_ent[i].d_name, ".") == 0) dir_ent[i].d_ino = 0;
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if (strcmp(dir_ent[i].d_name, "..") == 0) dir_ent[i].d_ino = 0;
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if (dir_ent[i].d_ino == 0) continue;
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/* Stat the file. */
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snprintf(cbuf, sizeof(cbuf), "%s/%s", dir1, dir_ent[i].d_name);
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if (stat(cbuf, &s) < 0) {
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error(NONFATAL, "cannot stat ", cbuf, "");
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dir_ent[i].d_ino = 0; /* mark as unusable */
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continue;
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}
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sorted[i].mode = s.st_mode;
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sorted[i].acctime = s.st_atime;
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sorted[i].modtime = s.st_mtime;
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sorted[i].namep = dir_ent[i].d_name;
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sorted[i].namep[NAME_SIZE-1] = '\0';
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}
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/* Squeeze out all the entries whose ino field is 0. */
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j = 0;
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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if (dir_ent[i].d_ino != 0) {
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sorted[j] = sorted[i];
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j++;
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}
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}
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return(j);
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}
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void sort_dir(m)
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int m;
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{
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/* Sort the directory using bubble sort. */
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struct sorted *sp1, *sp2;
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for (sp1 = &sorted[0]; sp1 < &sorted[m - 1]; sp1++) {
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for (sp2 = sp1 + 1; sp2 < &sorted[m]; sp2++) {
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if (strcmp(sp1->namep, sp2->namep) > 0)
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swap(sp1, sp2);
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}
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}
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}
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void process(m, dir1, dir2)
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int m;
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char *dir1, *dir2;
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{
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/* Process each entry in sorted[]. If it is a regular file, stat the target
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* file. The the source is newer, copy it. If the entry is a directory,
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* recursively call the entire program to process the directory.
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*/
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int er, fmode, res;
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struct sorted *sp;
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struct stat s;
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char cbuf[MAX_PATH];
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for (sp = &sorted[0]; sp < &sorted[m]; sp++) {
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int namlen;
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fmode = sp->mode & S_IFMT;
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if (fmode == S_IFREG) {
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/* Regular file. Construct target name and stat it. */
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snprintf(cbuf, sizeof(cbuf), "%s/%s", dir2, sp->namep);
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namlen = strlen(sp->namep);
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/* Switch between compressed and uncompressed file names */
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if (zflag && !rflag && strncmp((sp->namep + namlen - 2), ".Z", (size_t)2)
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&& (namlen <= (NAME_SIZE - 2)))
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strncat(cbuf, ".Z", (size_t)2);
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if (zflag && rflag && !strncmp((sp->namep + namlen - 2), ".Z", (size_t)2))
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cbuf[strlen(cbuf) - 2] = '\0';
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er = stat(cbuf, &s);
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if (er < 0 || sp->modtime > s.st_mtime) {
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res = copy(dir1, sp, cbuf);
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} else {
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res = NONFATAL;
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}
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/* Check status of the copy. */
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if (res == OUT_OF_SPACE) {
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printf("Out of space while copying to %s\n", cbuf);
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/* We ran out of space copying a regular file. */
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if (mflag == 0)
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error(FATAL, "Quitting, disk full", "", "");
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/* If -m, ask for new diskette and continue. */
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newdisk(dir2);
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sp--;
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continue;
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}
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} else if (fmode == S_IFDIR) {
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/* Directory. Execute this program recursively. */
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copydir(dir1, dir2, sp->namep);
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} else if (fmode == S_IFBLK || fmode == S_IFCHR) {
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/* Special file. */
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strncpy(cbuf, sp->namep, sizeof(cbuf));
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printf("%s is special file. Not backed up.\n", cbuf);
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}
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}
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}
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void swap(sp1, sp2)
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struct sorted *sp1, *sp2;
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{
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/* Swap two directory entries. */
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struct sorted d;
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d = *sp1;
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*sp1 = *sp2;
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*sp2 = d;
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}
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int copy(dir1, sp, cbuf2)
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struct sorted *sp;
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char *dir1, *cbuf2;
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{
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/* Copy a regular file. */
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int fd1, fd2, nr, nw, res, n;
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char cbuf1[MAX_PATH], *p;
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#ifdef NARROW
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char *msg = (rflag || strcmp(pname, "backup")) ? "Restored" : "Backing up";
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#endif
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/* If the -j or -o or -s flags were given, suppress certain files. */
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p = sp->namep;
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n = strlen(p);
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if (n > NAME_SIZE) n = NAME_SIZE;
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if (jflag) {
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if (strcmp(p, "a.out") == 0) return(0);
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if (strcmp(p, "core") == 0) return (0);
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if (strcmp(p + n - 2, ".Z") == 0) return (0);
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if (strcmp(p + n - 4, ".bak") == 0) return (0);
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if (strcmp(p + n - 4, ".log") == 0) return (0);
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}
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if (oflag) {
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if (strcmp(p + n - 2, ".o") == 0) return(0);
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}
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if (sflag) {
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if (strcmp(p + n - 2, ".s") == 0) return(0);
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}
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res = 0;
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if (dflag) return(0); /* backup -d means only directories */
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strcpy(cbuf1, dir1);
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strncat(cbuf1, "/", (size_t)1);
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strncat(cbuf1, sp->namep, (size_t)NAME_SIZE); /* cbuf1 = source file name */
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/* At this point, cbuf1 contains the source file name, cbuf2 the target. */
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fd1 = open(cbuf1, O_RDONLY);
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if (fd1 < 0) {
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error(NONFATAL, "cannot open ", cbuf1, "");
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return(res);
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}
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fd2 = creat(cbuf2, (sp->mode | S_IWUSR) & 07777);
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if (fd2 < 0) {
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if (errno == ENFILE) {
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close(fd1);
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return(OUT_OF_SPACE);
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}
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error(NONFATAL, "cannot create ", cbuf2, "");
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close(fd1);
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return(res);
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}
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/* Both files are now open. Do the copying. */
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if (!rflag && strncmp((sp->namep + n - 2), ".Z", (size_t)2) ||
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rflag && !strncmp((sp->namep + n - 2), ".Z", (size_t)2)) {
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if (zflag && (rflag || (n <= (NAME_SIZE - 2)))) {
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close(fd1);
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close(fd2);
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res = zcopy(cbuf1, cbuf2);
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if (tflag) utime(cbuf2, (struct utimbuf *) & (sp->acctime));
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if (res != 0) unlink(cbuf2); /* if error, get rid of the corpse */
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#ifdef NARROW
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if (vflag && res == 0) printf("%s %s\n", msg, cbuf1);
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#else
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if (vflag && res == 0) {
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printf("%-37.37s -> %-37.37s\n", cbuf1, cbuf2);
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if (strlen(cbuf1) > 37 || strlen(cbuf2) > 37)
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printf("%37.37s %37.37s\n",
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(strlen(cbuf1) > 37) ? (cbuf1 + 37) : "",
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(strlen(cbuf2) > 37) ? (cbuf2 + 37) : "");
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}
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#endif
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return(res);
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}
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}
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while (1) {
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nr = read(fd1, copybuf, COPY_SIZE);
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if (nr == 0) break;
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if (nr < 0) {
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error(NONFATAL, "read error on ", cbuf1, "");
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res = EIO;
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break;
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}
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nw = write(fd2, copybuf, nr);
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if (nw < 0) {
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if (errno == ENOSPC) {
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/* Device is full. */
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res = OUT_OF_SPACE;
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break;
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}
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/* True write error. */
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error(NONFATAL, "write error on ", cbuf2, "");
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res = EIO;
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break;
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}
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}
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if (res == 0) {
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#ifdef NARROW
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if (vflag) printf("%s %s\n", msg, cbuf1);
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#else
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if (vflag) {
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printf("%-37.37s -> %-37.37s\n", cbuf1, cbuf2);
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if (strlen(cbuf1) > 37 || strlen(cbuf2) > 37)
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printf("%37.37s %37.37s\n",
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(strlen(cbuf1) > 37) ? (cbuf1 + 37) : "",
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(strlen(cbuf2) > 37) ? (cbuf2 + 37) : "");
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}
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#endif
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} else {
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unlink(cbuf2);
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}
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close(fd1);
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close(fd2);
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if (tflag) utime(cbuf2, (struct utimbuf *) & (sp->acctime));
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return(res);
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}
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int zcopy(src, targ)
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char *src, *targ;
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{
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int pid, status, res, s;
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char fbuf[20];
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/* These flags go for compress and gzip. */
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strcpy(fbuf, "-c");
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if (rflag)
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strcat(fbuf, "d");
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else
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strcat(fbuf, "f");
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if ((pid = fork()) < 0) error(FATAL, "cannot fork", "", "");
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if (pid > 0) {
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wait(&status);
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/* Error codes 0 and 2 are ok, assume others mean disk is full. */
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res = (status == 0 || status == NO_SAVINGS ? 0 : OUT_OF_SPACE);
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return(res);
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} else {
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/* Child must execute compress. */
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close(1);
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s = open(targ, O_RDWR);
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if (s < 0) error(FATAL, "cannot write on ", "targ", "");
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execle("/usr/bin/gzip", "gzip", fbuf, src, (char *)0, environ);
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execle("/usr/local/bin/gzip", "gzip", fbuf, src, (char *)0, environ);
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execle("/bin/compress", "compress", fbuf, src, (char *)0, environ);
|
|
execle("/usr/bin/compress", "compress", fbuf, src, (char *)0, environ);
|
|
error(FATAL, "cannot exec gzip or compress", "", "");
|
|
}
|
|
return(0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
void copydir(dir1, dir2, namep)
|
|
char *dir1, *dir2, *namep;
|
|
{
|
|
/* Copy a directory. */
|
|
|
|
int pid, status;
|
|
char fbuf[20], d1buf[MAX_PATH], d2buf[MAX_PATH];
|
|
|
|
if (nflag) return; /* backup -n means no directories */
|
|
|
|
fbuf[0] = '\0';
|
|
|
|
/* Handle directory copy by forking off 'backup' ! */
|
|
if (jflag || mflag || oflag || rflag || sflag || tflag || vflag || zflag)
|
|
strcpy(fbuf, "-");
|
|
if (jflag) strcat(fbuf, "j");
|
|
if (mflag) strcat(fbuf, "m");
|
|
if (oflag) strcat(fbuf, "o");
|
|
if (rflag) strcat(fbuf, "r");
|
|
if (sflag) strcat(fbuf, "s");
|
|
if (tflag) strcat(fbuf, "t");
|
|
if (vflag) strcat(fbuf, "v");
|
|
if (zflag) strcat(fbuf, "z");
|
|
snprintf(d1buf, sizeof(d1buf), "%s/%s", dir1, namep);
|
|
snprintf(d2buf, sizeof(d2buf), "%s/%s", dir2, namep);
|
|
|
|
if ((pid = fork()) < 0) error(FATAL, "cannot fork", "", "");
|
|
if (pid > 0) {
|
|
/* Parent waits for child, then returns. */
|
|
wait(&status);
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (fbuf[0] == '-') {
|
|
execle(pname, pname, fbuf, d1buf, d2buf, (char *) 0, environ);
|
|
execle("/bin/backup", "backup", fbuf, d1buf, d2buf, (char *)0,environ);
|
|
execle("/usr/bin/backup","backup",fbuf,d1buf,d2buf,(char *)0,environ);
|
|
error(FATAL, "cannot recursively exec backup", "", "");
|
|
} else {
|
|
execle(pname, pname, d1buf, d2buf, (char *) 0, environ);
|
|
execle("/bin/backup", "backup", d1buf, d2buf, (char *)0,environ);
|
|
execle("/usr/bin/backup","backup", d1buf, d2buf, (char *)0,environ);
|
|
error(FATAL, "cannot recursively exec backup", "", "");
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void newdisk(dir)
|
|
char *dir;
|
|
{
|
|
/* Ask for a new diskette. A big problem is that this program does not
|
|
* know which device is being used and where it is mounted on. As an
|
|
* emergency solution, fork off a shell and ask the user to do the work.
|
|
*/
|
|
|
|
int pid, status;
|
|
|
|
printf("\nDiskette full. Please do the following:\n");
|
|
printf(" 1. Unmount the diskette using /etc/umount\n");
|
|
printf(" 2. Physically replace the diskette by the next one.\n");
|
|
printf(" 3. Mount the new diskette using /etc/mount\n");
|
|
printf(" 4. Type CTRL-D to return to the backup/restore program\n");
|
|
|
|
if ((pid = fork()) < 0) error(FATAL, "cannot fork", "", "");
|
|
if (pid > 0) {
|
|
wait(&status);
|
|
maketarget(dir); /* make the directory */
|
|
} else {
|
|
execle("/bin/sh", "sh", "-i", (char *) 0, environ);
|
|
execle("/usr/bin/sh", "sh", "-i", (char *) 0, environ);
|
|
error(FATAL, "cannot execute shell to ask for new diskette", "", "");
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void usage()
|
|
{
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-djmnorstvz] dir1 dir2\n", pname);
|
|
exit(2);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
void error(type, s1, s2, s3)
|
|
int type;
|
|
char *s1, *s2, *s3;
|
|
{
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s%s%s\n", pname, s1, s2, s3);
|
|
|
|
if (type == NONFATAL)
|
|
return;
|
|
else
|
|
exit(type);
|
|
}
|