a408699ce0
Removed stop sequence when MINIX is shut down. Disabled send mask checks --- to be replaced by proper mechanism. Fixed bug relating to 'shutdown -x'. Simplified clock accounting of realtime. Updated Makefiles for mkdept script.
346 lines
13 KiB
C
Executable File
346 lines
13 KiB
C
Executable File
/* The file contais the clock task, which handles all time related functions.
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* Important events that are handled by the CLOCK include alarm timers and
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* (re)scheduling user processes.
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* The CLOCK offers a direct interface to kernel processes. System services
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* can access its services through system calls, such as sys_syncalrm(). The
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* CLOCK task thus is hidden for the outside.
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*
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* Changes:
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* Mar 18, 2004 clock interface moved to SYSTEM task (Jorrit N. Herder)
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* Oct 10, 2004 call vector + return values allowed (Jorrit N. Herder)
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* Sep 30, 2004 source code documentation updated (Jorrit N. Herder)
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* Sep 24, 2004 redesigned timers and alarms (Jorrit N. Herder)
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* Jun 04, 2004 new timeout flag alarm functionality (Jorrit N. Herder)
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*
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* The function do_clocktick() is not triggered from the clock library, but
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* by the clock's interrupt handler when a watchdog timer has expired or
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* another user process must be scheduled.
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*
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* In addition to the main clock_task() entry point, which starts the main
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* loop, there are several other minor entry points:
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* clock_stop: called just before MINIX shutdown
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* get_uptime: get realtime since boot in clock ticks
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* set_timer: set a watchdog timer (*, see note below!)
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* reset_timer: reset a watchdog timer (*)
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* calc_elapsed: do timing measurements: get delta ticks and pulses
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* read_clock: read the counter of channel 0 of the 8253A timer
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*
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* (*) The CLOCK task keeps tracks of watchdog timers for the entire kernel.
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* The watchdog functions of expired timers are executed in do_clocktick().
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* It is crucial that watchdog functions cannot block, or the CLOCK task may
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* be blocked. Do not send() a message when the receiver is not expecting it.
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* The use of notify(), which always returns, is strictly preferred!
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*/
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#include "kernel.h"
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#include "debug.h"
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#include "proc.h"
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#include <signal.h>
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#include <minix/com.h>
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/* Function prototype for PRIVATE functions. */
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FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( void init_clock, (void) );
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FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int clock_handler, (irq_hook_t *hook) );
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FORWARD _PROTOTYPE( int do_clocktick, (message *m_ptr) );
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/* Constant definitions. */
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#define SCHED_RATE (MILLISEC*HZ/1000) /* number of ticks per schedule */
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#define MILLISEC 100 /* how often to call the scheduler */
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/* Clock parameters. */
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#if (CHIP == INTEL)
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#define COUNTER_FREQ (2*TIMER_FREQ) /* counter frequency using square wave */
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#define LATCH_COUNT 0x00 /* cc00xxxx, c = channel, x = any */
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#define SQUARE_WAVE 0x36 /* ccaammmb, a = access, m = mode, b = BCD */
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/* 11x11, 11 = LSB then MSB, x11 = sq wave */
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#define TIMER_COUNT ((unsigned) (TIMER_FREQ/HZ)) /* initial value for counter*/
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#define TIMER_FREQ 1193182L /* clock frequency for timer in PC and AT */
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#define CLOCK_ACK_BIT 0x80 /* PS/2 clock interrupt acknowledge bit */
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#endif
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#if (CHIP == M68000)
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#define TIMER_FREQ 2457600L /* timer 3 input clock frequency */
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#endif
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/* The CLOCK's timers queue. The functions in <timers.h> operate on this.
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* The process structure contains one timer per type of alarm (SIGNALRM,
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* SYNCALRM, and FLAGALRM), which means that a process can have a single
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* outstanding timer for each alarm type.
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* If other kernel parts want to use additional timers, they must declare
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* their own persistent timer structure, which can be passed to the clock
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* via (re)set_timer().
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* When a timer expires its watchdog function is run by the CLOCK task.
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*/
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PRIVATE timer_t *clock_timers; /* queue of CLOCK timers */
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PRIVATE clock_t next_timeout; /* realtime that next timer expires */
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/* The boot time and the current real time. The real time is incremented by
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* the clock on each clock tick. The boot time is set by a utility program
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* after system startup to prevent troubles reading the CMOS.
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*/
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PRIVATE clock_t realtime; /* real time clock */
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/* Variables for and changed by the CLOCK's interrupt handler. */
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PRIVATE irq_hook_t clock_hook;
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PRIVATE int sched_ticks = SCHED_RATE; /* counter: when 0, call scheduler */
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PRIVATE struct proc *prev_ptr; /* last user process run by clock */
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/*===========================================================================*
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* clock_task *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PUBLIC void clock_task()
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{
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/* Main program of clock task. It corrects realtime by adding pending ticks
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* seen only by the interrupt service, then it determines which call this is
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* by looking at the message type and dispatches.
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*/
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message m; /* message buffer for both input and output */
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int result;
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init_clock(); /* initialize clock task */
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/* Main loop of the clock task. Get work, process it, sometimes reply. */
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while (TRUE) {
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/* Go get a message. */
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receive(ANY, &m);
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/* Handle the request. */
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switch (m.m_type) {
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case HARD_INT:
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result = do_clocktick(&m); /* handle clock tick */
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break;
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default: /* illegal message type */
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kprintf("Warning, illegal CLOCK request from %d.\n", m.m_source);
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result = EBADREQUEST;
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}
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/* Send reply, unless inhibited, e.g. by do_clocktick(). Use the kernel
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* function lock_send() to prevent a system call trap. The destination
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* is known to be blocked waiting for a message.
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*/
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if (result != EDONTREPLY) {
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m.m_type = result;
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if (OK != lock_send(m.m_source, &m))
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kprintf("Warning, CLOCK couldn't reply to %d.\n", m.m_source);
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}
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}
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* do_clocktick *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PRIVATE int do_clocktick(m_ptr)
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message *m_ptr; /* pointer to request message */
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{
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/* Despite its name, this routine is not called on every clock tick. It
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* is called on those clock ticks when a lot of work needs to be done.
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*/
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/* Check if a clock timer expired and run its watchdog function. */
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if (next_timeout <= realtime) {
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tmrs_exptimers(&clock_timers, realtime, NULL);
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next_timeout = clock_timers == NULL ?
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TMR_NEVER : clock_timers->tmr_exp_time;
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}
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/* If a process has been running too long, pick another one. */
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if (--sched_ticks <= 0) {
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if (bill_ptr == prev_ptr)
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lock_sched(USER_Q); /* process has run too long */
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sched_ticks = SCHED_RATE; /* reset quantum */
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prev_ptr = bill_ptr; /* new previous process */
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}
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/* Inhibit sending a reply. */
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return(EDONTREPLY);
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* clock_handler *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PRIVATE int clock_handler(hook)
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irq_hook_t *hook;
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{
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/* This executes on every clock tick (i.e., every time the timer chip
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* generates an interrupt). It does a little bit of work so the clock
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* task does not have to be called on every tick.
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*
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* Switch context to do_clocktick() if an alarm has gone off.
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* Also switch there to reschedule if the reschedule will do something.
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* This happens when
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* (1) quantum has expired
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* (2) current process received full quantum (as clock sampled it!)
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* (3) something else is ready to run.
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*
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* Many global global and static variables are accessed here. The safety
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* of this must be justified. Most of them are not changed here:
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* proc_ptr, bill_ptr:
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* These are used for accounting. It does not matter if proc.c
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* is changing them, provided they are always valid pointers,
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* since at worst the previous process would be billed.
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* next_timeout, realtime, sched_ticks, bill_ptr, prev_ptr
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* rdy_head[USER_Q]
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* These are tested to decide whether to call notify(). It
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* does not matter if the test is sometimes (rarely) backwards
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* due to a race, since this will only delay the high-level
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* processing by one tick, or call the high level unnecessarily.
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* The variables which are changed require more care:
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* rp->p_user_time, rp->p_sys_time:
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* These are protected by explicit locks in system.c.
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* lost_ticks:
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* Clock ticks counted outside the clock task.
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* sched_ticks, prev_ptr:
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* Updating these competes with similar code in do_clocktick().
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* No lock is necessary, because if bad things happen here
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* (like sched_ticks going negative), the code in do_clocktick()
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* will restore the variables to reasonable values, and an
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* occasional missed or extra sched() is harmless.
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*
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* Are these complications worth the trouble? Well, they make the system 15%
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* faster on a 5MHz 8088, and make task debugging much easier since there are
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* no task switches on an inactive system.
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*/
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register unsigned ticks;
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message m;
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/* Acknowledge the PS/2 clock interrupt. */
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if (machine.ps_mca) outb(PORT_B, inb(PORT_B) | CLOCK_ACK_BIT);
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/* Update user and system accounting times. Charge the current process for
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* user time. If the current process is not billable, that is, if a non-user
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* process is running, charge the billable process for system time as well.
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* Thus the unbillable process' user time is the billable user's system time.
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*/
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ticks = lost_ticks + 1;
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lost_ticks = 0;
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realtime += ticks;
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/* Update administration. */
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proc_ptr->p_user_time += ticks;
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if (proc_ptr != bill_ptr) bill_ptr->p_sys_time += ticks;
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/* Check if do_clocktick() must be called. Done for alarms and scheduling.
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* If bill_ptr == prev_ptr, there are no ready users so don't need sched().
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*/
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if (next_timeout <= realtime || (sched_ticks == 1 && bill_ptr == prev_ptr
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&& rdy_head[USER_Q] != NIL_PROC))
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{
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m.NOTIFY_TYPE = HARD_INT;
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lock_notify(CLOCK, &m);
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}
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else if (--sched_ticks <= 0) {
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sched_ticks = SCHED_RATE; /* reset the quantum */
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prev_ptr = bill_ptr; /* new previous process */
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}
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return(1); /* reenable clock interrupts */
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* get_uptime *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PUBLIC clock_t get_uptime()
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{
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/* Get and return the current clock uptime in ticks.
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* Be careful about pending_ticks.
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*/
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return(realtime);
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* set_timer *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PUBLIC void set_timer(tp, exp_time, watchdog)
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struct timer *tp; /* pointer to timer structure */
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clock_t exp_time; /* expiration realtime */
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tmr_func_t watchdog; /* watchdog to be called */
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{
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/* Insert the new timer in the active timers list. Always update the
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* next timeout time by setting it to the front of the active list.
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*/
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tmrs_settimer(&clock_timers, tp, exp_time, watchdog, NULL);
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next_timeout = clock_timers->tmr_exp_time;
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* reset_timer *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PUBLIC void reset_timer(tp)
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struct timer *tp; /* pointer to timer structure */
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{
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/* The timer pointed to by 'tp' is no longer needed. Remove it from both the
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* active and expired lists. Always update the next timeout time by setting
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* it to the front of the active list.
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*/
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tmrs_clrtimer(&clock_timers, tp, NULL);
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next_timeout = (clock_timers == NULL) ?
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TMR_NEVER : clock_timers->tmr_exp_time;
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}
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#if (CHIP == INTEL)
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/*===========================================================================*
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* init_clock *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PRIVATE void init_clock()
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{
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/* Initialize the CLOCK's interrupt hook. */
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clock_hook.proc_nr = CLOCK;
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/* Initialize channel 0 of the 8253A timer to, e.g., 60 Hz. */
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outb(TIMER_MODE, SQUARE_WAVE); /* set timer to run continuously */
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outb(TIMER0, TIMER_COUNT); /* load timer low byte */
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outb(TIMER0, TIMER_COUNT >> 8); /* load timer high byte */
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put_irq_handler(&clock_hook, CLOCK_IRQ, clock_handler);/* register handler */
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enable_irq(&clock_hook); /* ready for clock interrupts */
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* clock_stop *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PUBLIC void clock_stop()
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{
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/* Reset the clock to the BIOS rate. (For rebooting) */
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outb(TIMER_MODE, 0x36);
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outb(TIMER0, 0);
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outb(TIMER0, 0);
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}
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/*===========================================================================*
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* read_clock *
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*===========================================================================*/
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PUBLIC unsigned long read_clock()
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{
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/* Read the counter of channel 0 of the 8253A timer. This counter counts
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* down at a rate of TIMER_FREQ and restarts at TIMER_COUNT-1 when it
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* reaches zero. A hardware interrupt (clock tick) occurs when the counter
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* gets to zero and restarts its cycle.
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*/
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unsigned count;
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lock(10, "read_clock");
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outb(TIMER_MODE, LATCH_COUNT);
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count = inb(TIMER0);
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count |= (inb(TIMER0) << 8);
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unlock(10);
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return count;
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}
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#endif /* (CHIP == INTEL) */
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#if (CHIP == M68000)
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/* Initialize the timer C in the MFP 68901: implement init_clock() here. */
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#endif /* (CHIP == M68000) */
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