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65 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
65 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
# Minosoft rendering system
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(I'll extend this document when I find time or motivation)
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## General
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Minosoft uses OpenGL 3.3+ for rendering. The whole rendering system is abstract, so a port to opengl es or vulkan should be *easily* possible.
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Everything is working in shaders (written in glsl), some things even have multiple shaders.
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## Integration
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The whole render system is like a separate module. There are almost no references to it, only in `PlayConnection.kt`. Everything is event driven (or abstract).
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## Loading
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The whole render system gets loaded, as soon as you tell eros to connect to a server. Everything gets downloaded then and the render subsystem loads.
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## Textures
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### Static textures
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Textures that don't get modified anymore (like block textures or items).
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The textures are stored in 5 dimensional way (2d for x and y coordinates, 1d for the texture index (aka. what texture), 1d for the resolution (like `16x16` or `32x32`) and the last dimension for mipmaps).
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Every vertex can have an additional animation id, that is done via an uniform buffer.
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### Dynamic textures
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Used for e.g. skins.
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## (Performance) optimizations
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- Chunking (like minecraft does it)
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### Culling
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Minosoft is using multiple culling techniques that all work together to archive the best performance.
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- Face culling (`glCullFace`; gpu only)
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- Neighbour culling (hide unseen faces; cpu only)
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- Frustum culling (hide what is behind you/not in the camera perspective)
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- View distance clipping (maximum render distance)
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- Occlusion culling (hide chunks that are not visible (e.g. caves from the surface); cpu and gpu)
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- ~~Greedy meshing (combining multiple blocks into a single face)~~ not really worked and even got removed
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## Renderers
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Even the render system is dynamic. There are a lot of so-called renderers (e.g. `WorldRenderer`, `ParticleRenderer` or `GUIRenderer`) that get registered dynamically while loading. So extending the system is pretty easy and moddable.
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## Render phases
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There are multiple render phases. 3D breaks when it comes to transparency, or it gets optimized when drawing in a specific order (gpu occlusion culling). For example a render phase is `OPAQUE` or `TRANSLUCENT`.
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It basically lets all renderers draw their opaque objects first and then draw transparent ones.
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## Transparency
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100% transparent pixels get `discard`ed in the shader. That makes no problem. Translucency is getting hacked with `glDepthMask(false)`. It is not the best solution but a good workaround. Some face sorting is needed in the future.
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## Lighting
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Lighting is done as soon as a block changes in the world. Increasing light is a lot faster than decreasing light.
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A custom light engine is included, all server light is ignored by default (documentation needed).
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The lighting on the render side is done via a lightmap, basically another uniform buffer.
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